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Erga S.p.A - Enel Group

Erga S.p.A - Enel Group. Deep Drilling Experience in Italy. When and why Main results Future perspectives. Guido Cappetti. Iceland, June 2001. FIRENZE. PISA. ROMA. Geothermal fields. Larderello (since 1913; 250 km 2 ; superheated steam; running capacity=416 MW)

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Erga S.p.A - Enel Group

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  1. Erga S.p.A - Enel Group Deep Drilling Experience in Italy • When and why • Main results • Future perspectives Guido Cappetti Iceland, June 2001

  2. FIRENZE PISA ROMA Geothermal fields Larderello (since 1913; 250 km2; superheated steam; running capacity=416 MW) Radicondoli - Travale (since ‘50; 30 km2; saturated and superheated steam; running capacity=99 MW) PISA FIRENZE SIENA Amiata (since mid ‘50; 50 km2; deep water dominated reservoir; running capacity=90 MW) Latera (10 km2; water dominated reservoir; running capacity=26 MW) GROSSETO VITERBO ROMA Location of geothermal fields in Italy

  3. Conceptual model of Larderello geothermal system

  4. 6'000 5'000 4'000 3'000 GWh/year 2'000 1'000 0 1913 1917 1921 1925 1929 1933 1937 1941 1945 1949 1953 1957 1961 1965 1969 1973 1977 1981 1985 1989 1993 1997 2001 2005 Years R&D Activities The problem of production sustainability was evidenced in the mid-‘70s, when the boundaries of the productive areas related to the shallow reservoirs were reached. The following R&D activities were planned to sustain production: • Deep exploration 3000-4000 m • Reinjection / Injection • Stimulation of low productivity wells

  5. Review of all the data: geological, geophysical,geochemical, reservoir engineering Seismic reflection surveys Ê É Possible presence of a deep reservoir inside the Metamorphic Basement When and why Hystorical development of deep exploration • 1961: First deep exploration well (2703 m) in the Larderello area • drilling problems and low production • low cost of conventional energy sources • Mid 70’s: oil crisis • renewal of interest for geothermal resources • new prospects for deep exploration • 1978: Deep exploration in the Larderello and Mt. Amiata areas • 1981: Deep exploration in the Travale/Radicondoli area

  6. Erga S.p.A - Enel Group Deep Drilling Experience Larderello and Travale/Radicondoli areas

  7. Steam production history

  8. Temperature distribution Top of the shallow Carbonate Reservoir

  9. The first two deep wells

  10. Tracks of geological sections

  11. Sesta Area: geological cross-section

  12. T.D. 3921 m Sesta_6bis well 1000 m 2000 m 3000 m

  13. Montieri Area: geological cross-section

  14. Montieri_4 well 1000 m 2000 m 3000 m T.D. 3721 m

  15. Deep exploration TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION AT 3000 m.b.s.l. TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION AT THE TOP OF THE SHALLOW CARBONATE RESERVOIR At the top of the reservoir, temperature measurements show that Larderello and Travale fields are separated by a low temperature area, due to the circulation of meteoric waters. While, at 3000 m depth, the 300°C isotherm is more uniform and shows that the two fields actually belong to the same geothermal system, with an extension of about 400 km2.

  16. Erga S.p.A - Enel Group Deep Drilling Experience Mount Amiata area

  17. Larderello -Travale-Radicondoli cross-section Monteverdi Val di CorniaTravale-Radicondoli An enormous reservoir potential

  18. Mt. Amiata cross-section

  19. SEGGIANO_1; Extrapolated Temperature PC_34B; 25.09.87 PC_30: 21.02.85 PC_30A;Extrapolated Temperature P_27B;15.06.94 BAG_22; 22.04.97 BAG_23; 05.05.97 BAG_23 Extrapolated Temperature BAG_25; Extrapolated Temperature Temperature profiles 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 1000 500 0 -500 -1000 -1500 -2000 -2500 -3000 -3500 -4000 -4500 Elevation in m

  20. Main results Number of drilled wells • Larderello - Travale /Radicondoli fields • Mt. Amiata - Piancastagnaio - Bagnore fileds Depth > 2500 m > 3000 m > 4000 m 94 66 19 38 19 4 132 85 23 Additional fluid production • Sustainement of the steam flow-rate for the units already in operation ( Larderello and Travale/Radicondoli) • Installation of new units (marginal areas) • 14 New Units (17-18 MW/unit as running capacity) have been installed

  21. Conclusions • The deep drilling activity has opened a new scenario and perspectives for the development and exploitation of the geothermal resources in the areas already in operation from many years. • New wells have been drilled successfully also in areas which, till few years ago, were considered out of any interest for geothermal exploration/development. • Reassessment of the geothermal resources and new exploitation strategies. • A huge amount of thermal energy is stored in the reservoir rocksperspectives for long term heat mining through artificial water circulation.

  22. Future perspectives • A drilling programme and Power Plant construction for the next five years has been planned 5.9 TWh + 25 % 4.7 TWh 2005 2000 • The extension of the deep geothermal reservoir also inside Granite intrusions (is an issue we had to confirm). • Exploration of new areas located at the margins of the fields on exploitation/development. • Drilling of a “Deep Scientific Well” (5500 m depth) inside the Larderello field, subject to funding availability.

  23. Geothermal deep well completion …high technology in drilling & completion...

  24. European HDR Project …Erga’s contribution to the project development...

  25. Industrial Partners  Funding • (~6M US$) • (~6M US$) • (~5.3M US$) ð ï ö õ ~5000 m ~200 °C European HDR Project Next 2001 - 2004phase of the project Erga is entrusted with design, drilling and stimulation jobs ...Erga’s presence at the frontiers of the technology...

  26. Temperature at 3000 m depth

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