6 th grade STEM

1. 6th grade STEM Standard VI Objective 1 Heat

2. Heat TransferScienceStandard VI, Objective 1 • Objective 1: Investigate the movement of heat between objects by conduction, convection, and radiation. A Compare materials that conduct heat to materials that insulate the transfer of heat energy. C Describe the movement of heat from warmer objects to cooler objects by conduction and convection. E Design and conduct an investigation on the movement of heat energy.

3. Heat TransferMath Ratios and Proportional Relationships    6 RP  3. Use ratio and rate reasoning to solve real-world and mathematical problems, e.g., by reasoning about tables of equivalent ratios, tape diagrams, double number line diagrams, or equations. d. Use ratio reasoning to convert measurement units; manipulate and transform units appropriately when multiplying or dividing quantities.

4. Lesson 1Heat Transfer Review Three Types of Heat Transfer • Review the three types of heat transfer with examples. 1. Conduction: Must be touching. • Heating on a burner, ironing, walking on hot surfaces, adjusting hot and cold water out of a faucet 2. Convection: Hot air rising and cold are sinking, going around in a convection circle. • Candle burning, heat escaping from boiling water, hot air in a room rising, sun heating the air--thermals, hot air balloon. 3. Radiation: Direct heat; heat travels through all mediums. • Campfires, toasters, floor heaters, UV rays.

5. Lesson 1LiteracyHeat Transfer Discussion World Book Online http://worldbookonline.com/student/printarticle?id=ar277780&st=insulations

6. Lesson 2Heat Transfer Brain Drain What are the comfortable temperatures we like to be at?

7. Lesson 2Heat Transfer Brain Drain What are the comfortable temperatures we like to be at? • We like to be at a temperature between 68 degrees and 78 degrees.

8. Lesson 2Heat Transfer Brain Drain Where are the comfortable places to be without the use of man-made energy?

9. Lesson 2Heat Transfer Brain Drain Where are the comfortable places to be without the use of man-made energy? • Spring and fall outside, daytime • Air Conditioned Rooms • Summer outside in the evening time • Summer outsideabove the 60-degree latitude line • San Diego type place

10. Lesson 2Heat Transfer Brain Drain When it is hot or cold inside, how do we make ourselves comfortable inside our homes, cars, or other buildings?

11. Lesson 2Heat Transfer Brain Drain When it is hot or cold inside, how do we make ourselves comfortable inside our homes, cars, or other buildings? • We turn on the air conditioner in the summer time. • We turn on the furnace in the winter time.

12. Lesson 2Heat Transfer Brain Drain When it is hot or cold inside, how do we make ourselves comfortable when we are outside?

13. Lesson 2Heat Transfer Brain Drain When it is hot or cold inside, how do we make ourselves comfortable when we are outside? • We wear thicker or more insulated clothing that keeps us warm in the cooler months. • We wear light-weight clothing and light-colored clothing that keeps us cool in the warmer months.

14. Lesson 2Heat Transfer Brain Drain How are the three types of heat transfers working when the temperature around us is cold?

15. Lesson 2Heat Transfer Brain Drain How are the three types of heat transfers working when the temperature around us is cold? The sun is shining on us more on an indirect angle toward us in SLC. Therefore: • Conduction: Things that are outside in the sun are usually not hot to the touch. • Convection: Very little thermal heating going on outside. There are many organized storms coming from the west moving east. • Radiation: We don’t need to worry about UV rays from the sun.

16. Lesson 2Heat Transfer Brain Drain How are the three types of heat transfers working when the temperature around us is hot?

17. Lesson 2Heat Transfer Brain Drain How are the three types of heat transfers working when the temperature around us is hot? The sun is shining on us more at a direct angle in SLC. Therefore: • Conduction: Things that are outside in the sun are usually hot to the touch. • Convection: Summer thermal heating causing summer thunder/lightning storms. • Radiation: We need to worry about UV rays from the sun.

18. Lesson 2Heat Transfer Brain Drain How are the three types of heat transfers working when the temperature around us is just right?

19. Lesson 2Heat Transfer Brain Drain How are the three types of heat transfers working when the temperature around us is just right? The sun is shining on us less at a direct angle than during the summer, but more of a direct angle than during the winter. Therefore: • Conduction: Things that are outside in the sun get somewhat hot to the touch, but cool off quickly in the early evening. • Convection: There is some thermal heating causing thunder/lightning storms. There are more organized storms forming coming from the west moving east. • Radiation: We need to worry about UV rays from the sun.

20. Lesson 2Bottom Line—Conclusions • Just about every evening it is nice to be outside during the last spring, summer and early fall. • There are many days in the spring that are nice during the day. • There are many days in the fall that are nice during the day. • To stay comfortable during the summer and wintertime we need heaters and air conditioners to keep us comfortable.

21. Lesson 3 What Does It Take to Stay Comfortable in the Summer or Winter? • To stay comfortable in the cold and warm months it takes energy to do so. • During the summer we need use a lot of electricity to keep us cool in our buildings and cars. • During the winter we not only use electricity,but we also use natural gas to keep us warm. • Others may use wood and coal stoves too.

22. Lesson 3So that our air conditioners and furnaces are not running 24 hours per day, what is needed in our walls to slow down the heat from the sun entering the building in the summer and heat escaping in the winter? • We need some type of insulation to slow down the heat from passing through the walls of our homes. • Why do we want to do this? • It saves us money. • It saves energy. • This is a challenge we face everyday. • Let’s talk about how we can do this.

23. Lesson 3Heat Transfer Lesson What’s Warm and What’s Cool? • Lesson Objective: To find out why different objects feel warmer or cooler even though they are the same temperature. • Materials: • Metal, Cardboard, Glass, Wood, Cloth, Styrofoam, Plastic • Directions: • Put the objects in a row on your desks. • Feel each object for differences in temperature. • Put the objects in order of warmest to coolest. • Even though they are all the same temperature, by looking at the material, explain why the temperatures feel different.

24. Lesson 4Global Challenge Designing Homes Using Less Energy and Maintaining a Comfortable Temperature Here Comes the Sun http://vimeo.com/61897921

25. Lesson 4Global Challenge Discussion In other parts of the world what do people use to keep their houses warm and cool? Why is it important to do this? How can we learn from others around the world in the use of insulation?

26. Lesson 5Designing Homes Using Less Energy and Maintaining a Comfortable Temperature Keeping Your Cup of Water Cold Science Connection Materials for insulation: • bubble wrap, newspaper,fabric, Styrofoam peanuts, bulletin board paper, cardboard, plastic bags, aluminum foil, cotton balls, plastic sheets, etc. Other Materials: • tape, string, rubber bands, Solo cup, ice, water, thermometer

27. Lesson 5Designing Homes Using Less Energy and Maintaining a Comfortable Temperature Instructions: • With the materials available, design a type of insulation that you think will keep a cup of water cold. • You need to design your own lid with a hole for the thermometer. • Put together the designed insulation and put the cup in the insulation or wrap your cup with the insulation. • Take a temperature reading every 5 minutes. • Design a graph to show your results. • Discussion of the results.

28. Lesson 5Designing Homes Using Less Energy and Maintaining a Comfortable Temperature Ready, Set, Go http://tryengineering.org/lesson-plans/keep-it-cool

29. Lesson 5Designing Homes Using Less Energy and Maintaining a Comfortable Temperature Keeping Your Cup of Water Cold Math Connection • Graphing the results

30. Lesson 5Designing Homes Using Less Energy and Maintaining a Comfortable Temperature Related Links for Heat and Insulation • Blubber http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8I96BzSNNqE • The Heat Loss Project https://www.teachingchannel.org/videos/stem-lesson-ideas-heat-loss-project • Related topics and activities • http://pbskids.org/zoom/activities/sci/keepacube.html • http://pbskids.org/zoom/activities/sci/heatsavingdevice.html • http://pbskids.org/zoom/activities/sci/hotairballoon.html

31. Lesson 5Designing Homes Using Less Energy and Maintaining a Comfortable Temperature Literacy Connections What is Heat- Readworks.orghttp://www.readworks.org/passages/what-heat