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Welcome to Native American Studies – SOCI 1100 4A

Welcome to Native American Studies – SOCI 1100 4A. Fall, 2012 Room 239 Fort Omaha Bldg. #10. Agenda Day 17. Present posters Finish Mound Builders Return papers Begin totem poles, if time. Poster Presentations. Cahokia Mounds.

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Welcome to Native American Studies – SOCI 1100 4A

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  1. Welcome to Native American Studies – SOCI 1100 4A Fall, 2012 Room 239 Fort Omaha Bldg. #10

  2. Agenda Day 17 • Present posters • Finish Mound Builders • Return papers • Begin totem poles, if time

  3. Poster Presentations

  4. Cahokia Mounds • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vTrVZr-DLHQ 500 Nations excerpt • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P_aSBfHpytE&feature=related Prof. Kelly, Wash U

  5. 9 minute video of Effigy Mounds National Monument http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qd2OguWCTTo • 1:16 family video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yUurvJL7CbQ&feature=related • 7 minute personal video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eyMZRPztyok&feature=related

  6. Totem poles

  7. Locations where “totem poles” are found • Hokkaido - Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan • Cheju Island, South Korea - Cheju do • The age of totem poles in South Korea is not yet well examined. • Auckland, New Zealand - Auckland, New Zealand • Alaska - Alaska, USA • Washington - Oregon Region - Washington, USA • British Columbia - British Columbia, Canada • Vancouver Island, British Columbia - Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada

  8. "Totem pole " is the name given by Europeans to the carved wooden pillars made by Indian villages of the Northwest coast The basic idea is that the differences existing in nature are used to identify or stand for groups of people most likely families.

  9. Oral histories of Northwestern Indians and their neighbors are unanimous about totem poles existing in those cultures long before European arrival, and the form and designs of totem poles are so stylized and distinctive it is hard to believe they sprang up recently.

  10. A totem is an object, usually an animal, that serves as an emblem for a family or clan. It represents a symbolic relationship between nature and human kin groups. • Totem poles often have very interesting stories to tell. • The figures on the poles are mythical beings from the First Nation's ancestral past.

  11. The pole acts as a visual illustration. • It narrates oral history. • It displays important characters to evoke its meaning. • These characters have family significance. • All carvers must have an acute sense of oral history because they are ones who transfer the story onto the pole. • After hearing the story, the carver begins to conceptualize the design while looking for the right tree.

  12. The choice of a tree • 2 criteria: size and location. • In choosing a tree for a pole you want one that is tall, straight, and free of knots. Knots are caused by branches, so for a pole you go to the dense forest where branches are only at the top of the tree canopy.

  13. The location of the tree is also important, you need it to be near a waterway so after it is brought down it can be transported by water back to the carving site. • The tree is too heavy to pack out of the bush by hand for long distances. • After checking the tree and finding no extensive rot, the tree feller then addresses the spirit of the tree with a prayer. • This prayer thanks the tree for its contribution and asks it to fall well and in a particular direction.

  14. These photographs were taken at the old site of Mamaliliqula. The site is located near Alert Bay, on the west coast of British Columbia, Canada. • The village of Alert Bay faces south west along a wide beach on Cormorant Island at the northern end of Johnston Strait. The natives of this area, the Kwakwaka'wakw, name is Ya'L which means "spreading-leg beach".

  15. Totem Poles of Mamaliliqula http://www.sfu.ca/archaeology/museum/mamaliliqula/site2.htm

  16. Totem poles exist primarily in the Pacific Northwest, Alaska and British Columbia areas and were constructed primarily by Northwest Coast tribal groups including the Tlingit, Kwakiutl, Haida, Tsimshian and Chilkat. • The first totem poles were carved from mature cedar and used by family-clans in Potlatch ceremonies. The word totem comes from the Ojibwelanguageword "odoodem" which means "his kinship group."

  17. It is generally erected in front of or near a dwelling. Often the meanings of the symbols and story they told were known only by the members of the particular clan or the artist.

  18. Medeek (Bear) and T'xam-sen (Raven) were fishing for spring salmon at the mouth of the creek. T'xam-Sen (Raven) noticed how successful the Medeek (Bear) was with his pile of spring salmon. Being curious as to how he was catching son many, he went over and watched and realized he did not possess the skill of the Medeek (Bear). • Being very hungry t'xam-sem (Raven) decided on a way to acquire some salmon from the Medeek (Bear) in detail about a way hew would cook the salmon, and made it sound irresistible. • Meanwhile, T'xam-sem (Raven) had started up a fire and proceeded to heat up stone rocks and placed one of the rocks into the stomach of the biggest salmon, weighing at least sixty pounds. • T'xam-sen (Raven) gave the salmon to the Medeek (Bear) and he swallowed the salmon in one gulp. After a short while, the red hot rock burnt into the stomach of the Medeek (Bear) and killed him. • T'xam-sem (Raven) ate gluttonously on all the salmon for a few days.

  19. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iMC3pUxxuIU&feature=related (salmon story) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=648gwElcPzU&feature=related (totem poles pix) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x-6CuvZdy14&feature=related

  20. Potlatch ceremonies celebrated important events with guests coming from far and wide, feasting and the giving away of property. • Totem pole raising usually commemorated these events. In fact the notches on the hats of the native men on the totem poles, stood for how many potlatches that family or tribe had held. Now after the anti-potlatching law was repealed tribes are again carving totem poles. • http://library.thinkquest.org/5160/

  21. potlatch • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9JVJ76FVVxY • Duane Aucoin talks about the importance of potlatch in present-day Tlingit

  22. http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v=N_gYjQw9Bf4 • This video shows scenes of Kwakiutl potlatch. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v=tpXNS-ZnKoQ • The Kwakiutl (Kwakwaka'wakw)are from my neck of the woods.The potlatch was outlawed by the Canadian Government until the early 1950's and in the US until 1934.

  23. Assignments • Week 7 – 8 Assignment due Monday 11/4 • Week 9 Assignment

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