Expanding the Talent Pool: Recruitment and Careers

1. Expanding the Talent Pool:Recruitment and Careers The Challenges of Human Resources Management

2. Strategic Aspects of Recruiting • Decisions about talent—regardless of whether they pertain to recruiting, transferring, promoting, developing, or deploying people—need to be considered within the context of a business’s strategies and priorities. • The broad factors that can affect a firm’s recruiting strategy include a firm’s • Recruiting abilities, • whether to recruit externally versus internally, • the labor market for the types of positions it is recruiting for, including global labor markets, and • the strength of a firm’s employment “brand.”

3. Who Should Do the Recruiting? • HR recruiters or generalist (large firms) • Managers and/or Supervisors (smaller firms) • Work Teams, or • Recruiting Process Outsourcing (RPO) • The practice of outsourcing an organization’s recruiting function to an outside firm. • Staff One

4. Global Labor Markets • Why Recruit Globally? • To develop better products via a global workforce • To attract the best talent wherever it may be • International Recruiting Issues • Local, national, and international laws • Different labor costs • Different pre-employment and compensation practices • Cultural differences • Security • Visas and work permits

5. Should a Firm Recruit Internally or Externally? • Most managers try to follow a policy of filling job vacancies above the entry-level position through promotions and transfers. By filling vacancies in this way, an organization can capitalize on the investment it has made in recruiting, selecting, training, and developing its current employees, who might look for jobs elsewhere if they lack promotion opportunities. • There are Advantages and Disadvantages to both.

6. Labor Markets • Labor Market • Area from which applicants are to be recruited. • Tight market: high employment, few available workers • Loose market: low employment, many available workers • Factors determining the relevant labor market: • Skills and knowledge required for a job • Level of compensation offered for a job • Reluctance of job seekers to relocate • Ease of commuting to workplace • Location of job (urban or nonurban)

7. Recruiting Internally • Internal Job Postings • Identifying Talent through Performance Appraisals • Skills Inventories and Replacement Charts

9. Warning Signs of a Weak Talent “Bench”

10. Recruiting Externally • Advertisements • Walk-Ins and Unsolicited Applications and Résumés • The Internet, Social Networking, and Mobile Recruiting • Job Fairs • Employee Referrals • Re-recruiting • Executive Search Firms • Educational Institutions

12. Recruiting Externally (cont.) • Professional Associations • Labor Unions • Public Employment Agencies • Private Employment and Temporary Agencies • Employee Leasing

13. Major Temporary Help Agencies in the United States

14. Improving the Effectiveness of Recruiting • Using Realistic Job Previews • Surveys • Recruiting Metrics Surveys Recruiting Metrics Effectiveness ofRecruitment Realistic Job Previews

15. Recruiting Metrics • Quality of Fill Statistics • Quality of Hire = (PR + HP + HR) / N • PR = Average job performance rating of new hires • HP = % of new hires reaching acceptable productivity with acceptable time frame • HR = % of new hires retained after one year • N = number of indicators

16. Recruiting Metrics (cont.) • Example: • PR = Average 3.5 on a 5.0 scale = 70% • HP = Of 100 hires made one year ago, 75 are meeting acceptable productivity levels = 75% • HR 5 20% turnover = 80% HR • N = 3 • Quality of Hire = (70 + 75 + 80) / 3 = 75 The result is a quality level of 75 percent for new employees hired during the year.

17. Recruiting Metrics (cont.) • Time to Fill • Refers to the number of days from when a job opening is approved to the date the person ultimately chosen for the job is selected • Yield Ratios • The percentage of applicants from a recruitment source that make it to the next stage selection process

18. Time-to-Fill Calculations

19. Costs of Recruitment • Cost of Recruitment (per employee hired) SC = source cost AC = advertising costs, total monthly expenditure (example: $32,000) AF = agency fees, total for the month (example: $21,000) RB = referral bonuses, total paid (example: $2,600) NC = no-cost hires, walk-ins, nonprofit agencies, etc. (example: $0) H = total hires (example: 119) Cost to hire one employee = $467.23

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21. Career Management: DevelopingTalent over Time

22. Blending the Goals of Individual Employeeswith the Goals of the Organization

23. Identify Job Progressions and Career Paths

25. Recognize Different Career Paths • Promotion • A change of assignment to a job at a higher level in the organization • Transfer • Placement of an individual in another job for which the duties, responsibilities, status, and remuneration are approximately equal to those of the previous job • Consider Dual Career Paths for Employees • Consider the Boundaryless Career • Help Employees Progress beyond Career Plateaus

26. Human Capital Profiles for Two Different Careers

27. Successful Career-Management Practices • Placing clear expectations on employees. • Giving employees the opportunity for transfer. • Providing a clear and thorough succession plan • Encouraging performance through rewards and recognition. • Giving employees the time and resources they need to consider short- and long-term career goals. • Encouraging employees to continually assess their skills and career direction.

28. Successful Career-Management Practices (cont.) • Lack of time, budgets, and resources for employees to plan their careers and to undertake training and development. • Rigid job specifications, lack of leadership support for career management, and a short-term focus. • Lack of career opportunities and pathways within the organization for employees.

29. Career Plateau Questions

31. Mentoring Functions

32. Developing a Diverse Talent Pool • Recruiting and Developing Women • Eliminating Women’s Barriers to Advancement • Advancing Women to Management • Accommodating Families • Recruiting and Developing Minorities • Providing Minority Internships • Advancing Minorities to Management

33. Other Important Talent Concerns • Recruiting the Disabled • Employing the Older Workforce • Employing Dual Career Couples

34. Key Terms applicant tracking system branding assessment center career counseling career networking career paths career plateau dual career partnerships employee leasing employee profile fast-track program global sourcing internal labor market job progressions mentors nepotism 9-box grid outplacement services passive job seekers promotion recruiting process outsourcing (RPO) realistic job preview (RJP) relocation services recruiting sabbatical transfer yield ratio

37. Expanding the Talent Pool:Recruitment and Careers The Challenges of Human Resources Management

38. Recruiting Yield Pyramid ● 50% ● ● 67% ● ● ● 75% ● ● ● ● 16% ● ● ● ● ● ●

39. Foreknowledge of candidates’ strengths and weaknesses More accurate view of candidate’s skills Candidates have a stronger commitment to the company Increases employee morale Less training and orientation required Failed applicants become discontented Time wasted interviewing inside candidates who will not be considered Inbreeding strengthens tendency to maintain the status quo Internal Sources of Candidates Advantages Disadvantages

40. Hiring-from-Within Tasks Rehiring former employees Posting open job positions Succession planning (HRIS) Finding Internal Candidates

41. Sample Job Posting at Xerox

42. 1 6 2 7 3 4 5 9 8 Outside Sources of Candidates Locating Outside Candidates Recruiting via the Internet Executive Recruiters On Demand Recruiting Services (ODRS) Advertising College Recruiting Employment Agencies Referrals and Walk-ins Temp Agencies and Alternative Staffing Offshoring/Outsourcing

43. Some Top Online Recruiting Job Boards

44. Recruiting via the Internet • Advantages • Cost-effective way to publicize job openings • More applicants attracted over a longer period • Immediate applicant responses • Online prescreening of applicants • Links to other job search sites • Automation of applicant tracking and evaluation • Disadvantages • Exclusion of older and minority workers • Unqualified applicants overload the system • Personal information privacy concerns of applicants

45. Ineffective and Effective Web Ads

46. Advertising for Outside Candidates • The Media Choice • Selection of the best medium depends on the positions for which the firm is recruiting. • Newspapers: local and specific labor markets • Trade and professional journals: specialized employees • Internet job sites: global labor markets • Constructing (Writing) Effective Ads • Create attention, interest, desire, and action (AIDA). • Create a positive impression (image) of the firm.

47. Help Wanted Ad that Draws Attention

48. A Help Wanted Ad That Creates Interest

49. Another Ad

50. A Couple More Ads