INTEGRATED INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY I ( IIC 614 )

1. INTEGRATED INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY I( IIC 614 ) VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL (VOIP) PRESENTED BY NADIA KHAIRUNNISA BT MAHMOOD 2006665635 MSc. ICPM (AP 776)

2. WHAT IS VOIP • Voice over Internet Protocol (VOIP), is a technology that allows you to make telephone calls using a broadband Internet connection instead of a regular (or analog) phone line. • Voice over Internet Protocol, also called VoIP is the routing of voice conversations over the Internet or through any other IP-based network.

3. HOW VOIP WORKS • VOIP converts the voice signal from your telephone into a digital signal that travels over the Internet. • VOIP can allow you to make a call directly from a computer, a special VOIP phone, or a traditional phone using an adapter.

4. HOW VOIP WORKS (Cont’d)

5. WHAT KIND OF EQUIPMENT IS NEEDED • A broadband (high speed Internet) connection is required. This can be through a cable modem, or high speed services such as DSL or a local area network (LAN). • A sizable percentage of homes today are connected to the Internet through DSL, which requires a traditional phone line.

6. VOIP APPLICATIONS • A network configuration of an organization with many branch offices – to reduce cost & combine traffic to provide voice & data access to the main office. • A trunking application. • Interworking with cellular networks

7. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MAKING A LOCAL CALL AND A LONG DISTANCE CALL • Some VOIP providers offer their services for free, normally only for calls to other subscribers to the service. • Some VOIP providers charge for a long distance call to a number outside your calling area. • Other VOIP providers permit you to call anywhere at a flat rate for a fixed number of minutes.

8. WHO CAN YOU CALL • You might be limited only to other subscribers to the service, or • You may be able to call any phone number, anywhere in the world. • You may even utilize the service to speak with more than one person at a time.

9. VOIP 911 • The communications industry, the states, and the Federal Communications Commission ("FCC") have worked hard to ensure that 911 is almost universally available on traditional wireline and wireless phones so that the public has access to emergency services. • The FCC adopted rules requiring providers of interconnected VoIP services to supply 911 emergency calling.

10. VOIP 911 (Cont’d) Interconnected VoIP providers must: • Deliver all 911 calls to the local emergency call center; • Deliver the customer’s call back number and location information where the emergency call center is capable of receiving it; and • Inform their customers of the capabilities and limitations of their VoIP 911 service.

11. ADVANTAGES OF VOIP • It may offer features and services that are not available with a traditional phone. • Need not maintain and pay the additional cost for a line just to make telephone calls. • Can talk for as long as you want with any person in the world. • Can also talk with many people at the same time without any additional cost.

12. ADVANTAGES OF VOIP (Cont’d) • VoIP is free or costs less than equivalent service from traditional sources but similar to alternative PSTN service providers. • VoIP allows users to travel anywhere in the world and still make and receive phone calls. • VoIP phones can integrate with other services available over the Internet.

13. DISADVANTAGES OF VOIP • Some VOIP services don't work during power outages and the service provider may not offer backup power. • Not all VOIP services connect directly to emergency services through 9-1-1. • VOIP providers may or may not offer directory assistance/white page listings.

14. VOIP CHALLENGES • Delay. Fixed delays cannot be controlled but some delays can be minimized. • Packet loss. The principal cause of packet loss is congestion, which can be controlled by congestion management and avoidance.

15. VOIP CHALLENGES (Cont’d) • Jitter. Variation in delay is called Jitter. The effects of jitter can be mitigated by storing voice packets in a buffer upon arrival, before playing them out. • Echo. Common causes of echo include impedance mismatches in analog circuitry, and acoustic coupling of the transmit and receive signal at the receiving end.

16. VOIP PROVIDERS FOR MALAYSIA • 172 providers • Most expensive: GMX(US$ 0.993/min) • Most cheap: US$ 0.001/min • poivY, VOIPBuster, NetAppel, Internetcalls, SparVoip, VoIPStunt, VoipDiscount, VoIPCheap. • Other providers: • Yahoo Voice(US$ 0.019/min) • Skype (US$ 0.025/min)

17. PRODUCT EXAMPLES SKYPE Pro :Easy set-up, very good audio quality, no trouble with broadband routers. Con :PC only, can only communicate with other Skype clients, no speakerphones. Price:Free (PC to PC calls), premium services to follow.

18. PRODUCT EXAMPLES (Cont’d) SIPphone Pro : Very easy to set up, just like using a regular phone once connected to the network. Con :Problem in volume, mute button did not work. Price:$79.99 for individual phone, $129.99 for a pair of phones.

19. VOIP SUMMARY • A VOIP software has been described for the interworking of legacy telephony systems and packet networks. • BUT needs some key features to enable the applications to function successfully: • Approach that minimize the effect of delay on voice quality. • Adaptive play out to minimize the effect of jitter. • Features that address lost-packet compensation, synchronization & echo cancellation. • Flexible DSP system that manages multiple channels per single DSP.

20. REFERRENCES • Voice Over IP Accessed: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VoIP Date: 19/7/2006 • Free VOIP Accessed: http://www.voipsurvival.com/FreeVoiceOverIP.html Date: 19/7/2006 • VOIP Accessed: http://www.fcc.gov/voip/ Date: 19/7/2006 • VOIP Applications Accessesd: http://www.iec.org/online/tutorials/vfoip/topic01.html Date: 1/8/2006

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