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山东济宁一中 2012 届高考高三英语二轮复习课件

山东济宁一中 2012 届高考高三英语二轮复习课件. 专题十 特殊句式. 1 . (2011 年高考新课标全国卷 ) Only when he reached the tea ­ house________it was the same place he'd been in last year. A . he realized B . he did realize C . realized he D . did he realize

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山东济宁一中 2012 届高考高三英语二轮复习课件

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  1. 山东济宁一中2012届高考高三英语二轮复习课件山东济宁一中2012届高考高三英语二轮复习课件

  2. 专题十 特殊句式

  3. 1.(2011年高考新课标全国卷)Only when he reached the tea­house________it was the same place he'd been in last year. A.he realizedB.he did realize C.realized he D.did he realize 解析:句意:只有到了茶馆时,他才意识到这是他去年来过的同一个地方。“only +副词/介词短语/状语从句”置于句首时,主句要用部分倒装语序。 答案:D

  4. 2.(2011年高考大纲全国卷)Jane won't join us for dinner tonight and________. A.neither won't Tom B.Tom won't either C.Tom will too D.so will Tom 解析:句意:简今晚不会和我们一起吃晚饭,汤姆也不会。and前面为否定句,因此排除C、D两项;A项应为neither will Tom。 答案:B

  5. 3.(2011年高考陕西卷)It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do________benefits our work most. A.who B.which C.that D .what 解析:句意:对我们的工作最有益的不是我们做了多少,而是我们对所做的事情注入了多少爱。本句是一个强调句,其结构是:It is/was...that/who...。 因为所强调的是not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do,所以选that。另外,强调句式常与定语从句结合起来考查。如:It was the words that he spoke that made the teacher angry. 答案:C

  6. 4.(2011年高考北京卷)The shocking news made me realize ________terribleproblems we would face. A.what B.how C.that D.why 解析:句意:这一惊人的消息使我意识到我们将会面临多么可怕的问题。根据宾语从句中被修饰的名词 problems 可知,应该选用连接词 what,what 连接宾语从句且作定语,修饰 problems,故选项A正确。B项后面的中心词应该是形容词或者副词;C项只连接从句,在从句中不作成分;D项用于修饰或说明谓语动词,作状语。 答案:A

  7. 5.(2011年高考湖南卷)One­third of the country________covered with trees and the majority of the citizens________black people. A.is;are B.is;is C.are;are D.are;is 解析:句意:这个国家的森林覆盖面积占国土面积的三分之一,并且大多数市民都是黑人。“分数/百分数+名词”作主语时,其谓语动词的单复数取决于名词的形式;“the majority of+名词”作主语时,其谓语动词的单复数也取决于名词的形式。故本题选A项。 答案:A

  8. 一、强调句 1.强调句的基本形式为:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分。被强调成分一般是主语、宾语、状语。当被强调部分指人时,用that,who均可;指事物或情况时用that(被强调的是时间或地点状语时,一般不用when,where)。强调句考查的重点是:强调句的句式变化,包括一般疑问句Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who...和特殊疑问句What+who/when/where/why+is/was it+that/who... 2.如果需要强调谓语,用助动词do,does或did。

  9. [典例1]It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village ________the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. A.whereB.that C.when D.which [解析]该句是一个强调from only a few supplies的强调句。该句可以转变为“The hostess cooked such a nice dinner from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village.”。在该句中有一个定语从句that she had bought in the village,用来修饰限定先行词a few supplies。做题的时候可以先把该定语从句忽略。 [答案]B

  10. [典例2](2011年高考湖南卷)It's not what we do once in a while ________shapes our lives,but what we do consistently. A.which B.that C.how D.when [解析]句意:不是我们偶尔而是我们始终如一做的事情塑造了我们的生活。此处为强调句式。 [答案]B

  11. 二、反意疑问句 高考对反意疑问句的考查以考查反意疑问部分的变化为主,主要集中在以下四个方面: 1.考查对含有情态动词的句子的反意疑问。这些情态动词主要有would,must,would rather,used to,ought to,had better等。 2.考查对含有易混动词的句子的反意疑问。比如have既可以是助动词,也可以是实义动词;need,dare既可以是情态动词,也可以是实义动词。 3.考查对祈使句的反意疑问。当主句为祈使句时,反意疑问部分用will you。而由let's 构成的祈使句,反意疑问部分则用shall we。祈使句的形式多样,大多要注意辨别。 4.考查对there be句型的反意疑问。

  12. [典例3](2011年高考上海卷)It doesn't matter if they want to come to your party,________? A.doesn't it B.does it C.don't they D.do they [解析]句意:他们是否想来参加你的聚会不要紧,是吧?考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句中疑问部分代词的人称、助动词形式需和陈述部分的主谓保持一致,在肯定和否定方面要相反,由题干中的It doesn't可排除A、C和D三项。 [答案]B

  13. 三、祈使句、感叹句 1.要特别注意“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”这一句型。 2.感叹句:在由what构成的感叹句中,what修饰的中心词是名词,其结构是:What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语;What+(形容词)+复数名词/不可数名词+主语+谓语。在由how构成的感叹句中,how修饰的中心词是形容词或副词,其结构是:How+形容词/副词+复数名词/不可数名词+动词主语+谓语;How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+主语+谓语。 [典例4]________ways to be more gentle with the Earth,or we'll be punished. A.To find B.Finding C.Found D.Find [解析]本题考查的是“祈使句+or+陈述句”句型,前面是祈使句,应该用动词原形。 [答案]D

  14. 四、倒装句 1.完全倒装 完全倒装是指当某一特定内容出现在句首时,将谓语动词直接提至主语之前构成的倒装。 (1)here,there,in,out,up,down,away等介词、副词放在句首时应使用完全倒装。但是使用完全倒装时应注意主语必须为名词,主语为代词时不能使用倒装句型。 (2)in front,in the distance,to the east of等地点状语放句首时应使用完全倒装。 2.部分倒装 部分倒装是指当某一特定内容出现在句首时,不能将谓语动词直接提至主语前面,而须在主语前加上助动词。 (1)hardly,scarcely,barely,little,never,seldom等否定副词出现在句首时应使用部分倒装。 (2)not until出现在句首时应使用部分倒装。

  15. (3)hardly/scarcely...when,no sooner...than(一……就……)中hardly,scarcely,no sooner位于句首时主句应使用部分倒装结构。 (4)so(用于肯定句),neither/nor(用于否定句)表示“也”,出现在句首时应使用部分倒装结构。 (5)only出现在句首修饰介词短语、副词和从句时应使用部分倒装结构;only修饰主语时不能使用倒装结构。 (6)not only...but also...连接两个分句且not only位于句首时,第一个分句倒装,第二个分句不倒装。其连接两个主语时不倒装。 (7)在so/such...that...结构中,当so/such出现在句首时应使用部分倒装结构。

  16. [典例5]John opened the door.There ________he had never seen before. A.a girl did stand B.a girl stood C.did a girl stand D.stood a girl [解析]以there开头的句子要用完全倒装,所以要用there stood a girl的形式,其正常语序为a girl stood there。 [答案]D [典例6](2011年高考湖南卷)Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours ________a decision. A.they reached B.did they reach C.they reach D.do they reach [解析]句意:他们只有在讨论这个问题几个小时后才做决定。“only+状语从句”放在句首,主句需用部分倒装句式,由从句中的“had discussed”可知主句应用一般过去时态。 [答案]B

  17. 特殊倒装结构 as(尽管)引导让步状语从句时常将从句中的名词、形容词、动词或副词提至句首,从而构成特殊倒装结构;另外,在if虚拟条件从句中,如果从句的谓语动词含有were,had,should,可以将这些词提至句首,并将if省去,从而构成特殊倒装结构。 五、省略与替代 1.状语从句中的省略现象:省略从句中的主语和be动词,只保留分词或不定式,此种情况适用于从句和主句的主语一致时;省略从句中的主语和be动词,保留从属连词及表语,此种情况适用于从句的主语是it时。

  18. [典例7]________,the experiment is sure to succeed. A.If carefully doing B.If it done carefully C.If carefully done D.If it doing carefully [解析]考查省略句。句子的主语是the experiment,从句的主语与其一致,且从句中含有be动词,因此可省略从句的主语和be动词。if后接过去分词表示被动。注意:在这样的省略句中副词要放在动词的前面。 [答案]C 2.替代性省略: so可以替代句子,经常和believe,think,suppose,hope等词连用;not可以用来替代一个否定结构的从句或谓语,常用于hope,believe,think,suppose等动词之后。

  19. [典例8](2011年高考江苏卷)—You could always put the decision off a little bit longer. —________If I leave it much longer I might miss my chance. A.That's reasonable advice. B.Isn't it a good idea? C.Do you think so? D.I can't agree more. [解析]句意:“你把决定向后推迟一点点,总是可以的。”“你认为是这样吗?如果我迟迟不作决定,我可能会失去机会的。”That's reasonable advice.那是个合理的建议。Isn't it a good idea?难道这不是个好主意吗?Do you think so?你认为是这样吗?I can't agree more.我再同意不过了。由句意和语境可知C项正确。本题第一句较复杂,准确理解句意是解此题的关键,本句中含有一个比较重要的表达法:can/could always do sth.意为“总还能做某事”,在口语中用于礼貌地建议。如:You could always try ringing again.你再打个电话试试总是可以的。 [答案]C

  20. 句子结构透视法 命题者为了增加试题的难度,往往有意把句子结构复杂化(在特殊句式中加入插入语、使用倒装句、强调句、定语从句等)来提高试题的区分度。同学们要学会正确分析句子,尤其是分析结构复杂的长句。高考中,单纯的简单句已很少出现,而是更多地运用了并列句、复合句,所以同学们一定要有分析较复杂的句子的成分、结构的能力。若能正确分析句子结构,从句子整体着手,把握全句的脉络,就能准确地理解句子的含义,避免歧义干扰,提高答题的速度和准确率。

  21. ________you had a good time with them? A.When it was that B.When was it that C.Was it when that D.Was it that when [解析]句意:你是什么时候跟他们一起共度快乐时光的?浏览四个选项可知,这是强调句的特殊疑问句形式,还原为强调句可以是:It was last night that I had a good time with them.对此句画线部分提问即为:When was it that you had...? [答案]B

  22. 祝考试成功!

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