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Part 04 Covalent Compound Nomenclature

Part 04 Covalent Compound Nomenclature. 1. Naming Covalent Compounds To distinguish them from ionic compounds, the names of covalent compounds will contain prefixes indicating the number of atoms in the compound.

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Part 04 Covalent Compound Nomenclature

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  1. Part 04Covalent CompoundNomenclature

  2. 1. Naming Covalent Compounds To distinguish them from ionic compounds, the names of covalent compounds will contain prefixes indicating the number of atoms in the compound. The names of covalent compounds will still end in –ide because they are binary covalent compounds. Summary: Ionic naming = Need oxidation numbers, NO prefixes, but might need a roman numeral Covalent naming = Need prefixes and NO roman numerals nor ox. nos. BOTH END WITH IDE

  3. 1. Naming Covalent Compounds: Prefixes one - mono two - di three - tri four - tetra five - penta six - hexa seven - hepta eight - octa nine - nona ten - deca

  4. Examples: CO Carbon monoxide PS2 Phosphorus disulfide NF3 Nitrogen trifluoride

  5. Examples: SiBr4 Silicon tetrabromide AsCl5 Arsenic pentachloride SF6 Sulfur hexafluoride

  6. Examples: IF7 Iodine heptafluoride Br2O8 Dibromine octaoxide P4O10 Tetraphosphorus decaoxide Note: There are no oxidation numbers in any of the formulas. Covalent compounds do not contain ions.

  7. 2. Writing Formulas of Covalent Compounds Covalent compounds are formed by the sharing of valence electrons. They do not contain ions. Therefore, oxidation numbers are NEVER used in writing the formulas of covalent compounds. The formulas are obtained from the prefixes in the name.

  8. Examples: Diiodine monoxide I2O Antimony tribromide SbBr3 Carbon tetrafluoride CF4

  9. Examples: Diphosphorus pentasulfide P2S5 Difluorine heptaoxide F2O7 Tetraphosphorus tetranitride P4N4 Barium Carbide 2+ 4- Ba C 2 Just a reminder of how to find the formula of an ionic compound Assignment p. 83-84 (notes) Think about why prefixes are not necessary for ionic compounds

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