Sustainability considerations: Industry and developing countries

1. Sustainability considerations: Industry and developing countries Low Carbon Energy for Development LCEDN Workshop World Café 1 Dr Rocio A Diaz Chavez Centre for Environmental Policy Imperial College London (r.diaz-chavez@imperial.ac.uk) SCOPE 2010 Award Young Scientist

2. Sustainable development • Sustainable development- effective implementation needs participation • Environmental management tools such as ESIA and SEA include public participation (stakeholders) • “Social sustainable development” has social elements considered. Also included in some international conventions e.g. ILO • Included in some voluntary standards

3. Methodologies for sustainability assessment • Indicators (criteria, principles) • LCA • SEA • ESIA • Mapping stakeholders • Corporate Social Responsibility • Sustainability Reporting

4. Objectives Regional and local levels Research Demonstration Enforcement Data & indicators Policy & Institutions Environmental Economic Social • Land use change • Environmental impacts • LCA and supply chain • GHG and other emissions (e.g. NOx, particulates) • Waste • national, regional and local economy • livelihoods • Incentives • Barriers • LCA Social impacts • GHG and other emissions (health) • social organisation • Land property • Gender • policies plans & projects • Directives • Incentives • Barriers • Institutional capacity FRAMEWORK Traditional focus (Diaz-Chavez, 2003, 2006) Cumulative and indirect impacts

5. Whose sustainability? (Dalal-Clayton, & Daler, 2005)

6. EU-recognised schemes for biofuels (2012) • ISCC (German (government financed) scheme covering all types of biofuels) • Bonsucro EU (Roundtable initiative for sugarcane based biofuels, focus on Brazil) • RTRS EU RED (Roundtable initiative for soy based biofuels, focus on Argentina and Brazil) • RSB EU RED (Roundtable initiative covering all types of biofuels) • 2BSvs (French industry scheme covering all types of biofuels) • RSBA (Industry scheme for Abengoa covering their supply chain) • Greenergy (Industry scheme for Greenergy covering sugar cane ethanol from Brazil) • Ensus(production of ethanol) • Red Tractor (Verification system for farms with mixed crops and sugarbeet) • SQC (Scottish Quality Farm Assured Combinable Crops (SQC) scheme) • Red Cert (For EU MS and Ukraine and Belarussia for biofuels) • NTA 8080 National Dutch system

7. Global Bioenergy Partnership GBEP

8. EU Monitoring for RED Red list Invasive species Threats: N Ecosystems coverage Habitats of interest Conservation areas Protected areas Ecosystems goods and services Fragmentation of habitats Biodiversity GHG Land use and ILUC Ecosystem services Ecosystem assessment Watersheds Agriculture Forestry

9. Policies, regulations and programmes related to Biobased Economy

10. Market development Manufacturing sector jobs index (2005=100)

11. Land deals Source: (Land Matrix, 2013)

12. Other considerations • Other Low carbon technologies • Difference of scale (industrial?) • Solar and wind other sustainability issues • Additional resources such as Equator Principles (IFC) for larger projects • SME should also be supporting sustainability issues (?)

13. What to consider Feedstock Transport Pathway Products End use Fuel Fodder Chemicals ( sub-classification) skills Certification final products

14. World Café information • Tables 8-10 participants • 1 Secretary per table • 4 questions, 10 minutes each • First, quick poll • Second, discussion • Secretaries quick feedback end of session

15. Questions • Does low-carbon energy mean “sustainable”? • Should sustainability criteria be applied to all low carbon technologies / products and across all scales? • Should sustainability criteria influence global markets to promote low carbon technologies and products? • Should the private sector support sustainability criteria and standards or should it be public policy driven?