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Ch 1, Sec 3

Ch 1, Sec 3. The First Empires. The Assyrians. Lived in the Northern part of Mesopotamia around 900 B.C. Built around the Tigris River Had a large army to fight off enemies Great Builders- created one of the 1 st libraries 25,000 tablets. Assyrian Army. Well organized

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Ch 1, Sec 3

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  1. Ch 1, Sec 3 The First Empires

  2. The Assyrians • Lived in the Northern part of Mesopotamia around 900 B.C. • Built around the Tigris River • Had a large army to fight off enemies • Great Builders- created one of the 1st libraries 25,000 tablets

  3. Assyrian Army • Well organized • Foot soldiers had spears/daggers • Used bow/arrows, horses, and chariots • 1st to use iron weapons • Borrowed heating/cooling technique from the Hittites to make iron stronger

  4. Assyrian Battle Strategies • Tunneled under walls • Used ladders to climb tall walls • Used battering rams • Set cities on fire • Enslaved their enemies or moved them to new areas • Charged high taxes on new groups

  5. Assyrian Government • Divided the empire into provinces (Political districts) • Officials collected taxes and enforced the king’s laws • Capital city: Nineveh (NIH*nuh*vuh) • Had roads connecting cities with soldiers to protect the traders and pass gov’t info to other cities

  6. Downfall of Assyria • Empire grew too big • Gov’t treated the people badly-led to revolt in 650 B.C. • Fight for the crown started • The Chaldeans took power in 612 B.C.

  7. The Chaldeans • Led by King Nebuchadnezzar • Controlled Mesopotamia from 605-562 B.C. • Descendants of the Babylonians (Hammurabi) • Rebuilt the capital city of Babylon • Surrounded by a brick wall • Protected by soldiers/chariots

  8. Chaldeans Were Great Builders • 300 ft Ziggurat stood at the center of Babylon • Hanging Gardens • Built at Nebuchadnezzar’s Palace for his wife • Staircase of plants and trees

  9. The Power of Trade in Babylon • Marketplaces surrounded the city • Artisans sold goods to caravans as they came through town • Major trading stop in Mesopotamia

  10. Chaldeans and Science • Astronomers mapped the stars, planets, and phases of the moon • Created one of the 1st sundials • 1st to use the 7 day week

  11. Fall of the Chaldean Empire • Empire became to big • Lost control of the people • 539 B.C. Persians came from the Northeast and took control of Babylon

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