Ch.1 Sect.1: Peopling the Americas

1. Ch.1 Sect.1: Peopling the Americas

2. What you will learn in this section! • How people hunted and gathered • What a nomad is • Different empires of Middle and South America • Ancient Desert Farmers • The Mound Builders

3. Ancient Peoples Come to the Americas • 1st arrived 22,000 yrs. ago • Ice Age, Beringia • Most came by foot • Big Game hunters, what did they hunt? • Ice Age ended… • Hunted smaller game… • Where did some people end up?

4. Beringia

6. Woolly Mammoth

7. Agriculture Develops • 10,000-5,000 years ago people began planting crops • Maize, gourds, pumpkins… • What did agriculture do? • Nomadic—

8. Empires of Middle and S. America • 1200 b.c. Olmec create thriving civilization, where? • 250 a.d.-900 Maya • 1200s Aztec • 1200s Inca, 2500 mile empire • Peoples built great… • Glyph writing

9. Mayan Temple

11. Tenochtitlan

12. Machu Pichu

13. Mayan Glyphs

14. Desert Farmers and Mound Builders • Hohokam and Anasazi lived in NA southwest • Hohokam lived… • Anasazi lived… • Adena and Hopewell built…

15. 4 corners

16. Anasazi Homes

17. Adena Great Serpent Mound

19. Ch.1 Sect. 2:NA Societies 1492

20. What you will learn in this section! • Who the Kwakiutl, Pueblo, and Iroquois were and where they lived • Native trading networks • How the natives used the land • How native societies were organized

21. Natives Live in Diverse Societies • Natives very diverse • California land… • Kashaya Pomo hunted… • Kwakiutl totem poles… • Cedar planked houses • Potlatch? • Pueblo, Pima, and Hopi lived in Southwest • Houses made of… and grew… • Kivas

22. Hopi Kachina Dolls

23. Eastern Woodlands • Hardwood forests dominated landscape • Stretched from… • Iroquois… • Tribes differed by their languages, customs, and environments • In the southeast groups grew…

24. Natives Share Cultural Patterns • Patterns of trade… • As tribes became est. many became known for products and skills • Examples… • Transcontinental Trade • How extensive?

25. Ojibwa Village

26. Land Use, Religious Beliefs, & Social Organization • Land was regarded as source of life. • Distributed land only for… • Natural world was filled with spirits • Could a rock speak? • Kinship— • Iroquois and Hopi women… • Division of Labor— • Family • P. 12 village life

27. Ch.1 Sect.4: European Societies Around 1492

28. What you will learn in this section! • What hierarchy means • The Crusades • The Reformation • The Renaissance • Portugal became a world leader

29. The European Social Order • Late 1400s most lived in small villages • Hierarchy— • Top… • Bottom… • Nobility offered… • Peasants offered… • Artisans and merchants • Nuclear Family— • Men… • Women…

30. Feudalism Hierarchy

31. Clothing

34. Christianity Shapes Europe • Catholic Church dominated • Pope and bishops had great political and spiritual authority • Sacraments ensured salvation • Missionaries

35. Crusading Christianity • 700s Muslims control… • Reconquista • 1492, Ferdinand and Isabella drive Muslims from peninsula • Christians responded to church’s call to… • Crusades… • Two conseqences…

38. Decline in Church Authority • 3rd long term consequence… • Power struggles in 1300s-1400s between church and kings further reduced pope power • Reformation and Martin Luther • Catholic vs. Protestant

39. Changes Come to Europe • What happened in 1340s? • Crusades opened up Asian trade routes • Italians were 1st to profit, how? • Increase in population stimulated… • Monarchies strengthened and began to… • The Big 4— • Monarchs and overseas exploration

40. The Renaissance • Led to a more secular spirit, worldly pleasures, new confidence • Began in… • Artists… • Scholars… • People were encouraged to…

41. Jan van Eyck

43. Europe Enters New Age • Marco Polo • What guided ships on voyages? • Compass and astrolabe • Prince Henry the Navigator • Bart Dias • Vasco da Gama • Chris Columbus

44. Astrolabe