Elements

1. Elements Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids

2. Metals • What is a metal? • Are there any types of metals in this room? • How do you know they are metals? • Metals have certain characteristics that we are going to talk about today!

3. Physical Properties of Metals • Hardness • _____________________________ • Shininess • Polished _________________ • ___________________ • Can be pounded into shapes • Ductility • Can be pulled out, or drawn into _____ • _________________

4. Physical Properties of Metals • Metals are good _______________—which means they can transmit _____________ and __________________ easily • Some are even _______________…such as Iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co), and Nickel (Ni)

5. Physical Properties of Metals • Most metals are ___________ at room temperature • They have a very __________ melting point • ________________ is an exception because it is a liquid at room temperature but is still a metal

6. Chemical Properties of Metals • ________________ • Sodium (Na) and Potassium (K) will react explosively if exposed to _______________ • Gold (Au) and Chromium (Cr) are two elements that react very slow to air

7. Chemical Properties of Metals • Most metals fall in between Sodium and Gold • They react slowly to air but forming _________________ giving it a reddish-brown color. The oxide flakes on the outside of the metal will causes it to wear away…this is called _________________

8. Alloys • A mixture of metals is called an __________ • Useful alloys combine the __________ properties of two or more metals into a single ___________________. • Examples: • _____________ is malleable and soft, but when mixed with tin forms what we call bronze…which can last hundreds of years • _____________ is copper and zinc • ___________________ is iron, carbon, chromium, and vanadium

9. Name three characteristics found in metals.What is an alloy?What is the difference in physical and chemical properties of metals?

10. Nonmetals • Look around, do you see any items that can be considered nonmetals? • What are they?

11. Nonmetals • _____________________ are the elements that lack most of the properties of metals • Most are very common elements and are extremely importance to ___________________

12. Physical Properties of Nonmetals • Some are Gases at room temperature, low boiling points • _____________ (N) and _____________ (O) • Some are solids at room temperature • Carbon (C) and _____________ (I) • _______________ (Br) is the only nonmetal that is a liquid at room temperature

13. Physical Properties of Nonmetals • In general, the physical properties of nonmetals are _______________ to those that characterize the metals • Dull • ____________________ • Breaks easily or crumbles • Poor _______________of heat and electricity

14. Chemical Properties of Nonmetals • Most (not all) nonmetals have atoms that can share/gain electrons making the atoms react with other atoms…. forming _____________________

15. Metalloids • These are the elements that are on the border between the metals and the nonmetals, they have characteristics of ______________ • There are _____________ elements that are metalloids

16. Metalloids • Boron (B) • Silicon (Si) **Most common • Germanium (Ge) • Arsenic (As) • Antimony (Sb) • Tellurium (Te) • Astatine (At)

17. Properties of Metalloids • The most useful property of the metalloids is their ___________ability to conduct ______________ • Temperature • Exposure to _____________ • Impurities • Great for making _______________________- substances that under some conditions can carry electricity, while under others they cannot carry electricity • Examples:

18. What properties identify nonmetals?Describe an important use of metalloids.What is the difference between a metal, nonmetal, and a metalloid?