1 / 66

The Brain – Our Control Center

The Brain – Our Control Center. Parts of the Brain Hindbrain Midbrain Forebrain Cerebral Cortex Senses and motor behavior Association areas Language Abilities Left Versus Right Hemispheres Methods of Studying the Brain Accidents Electrical Stimulation of the Brain Electroencephalogram

durrett
Télécharger la présentation

The Brain – Our Control Center

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Brain – Our Control Center • Parts of the Brain • Hindbrain • Midbrain • Forebrain • Cerebral Cortex • Senses and motor behavior • Association areas • Language Abilities • Left Versus Right Hemispheres • Methods of Studying the Brain • Accidents • Electrical Stimulation of the Brain • Electroencephalogram • Scans

  2. Agenda • To Get: • Guided notes and reading from back shelf • To Do: • Opener Reading Questions – 10-15 minutes • Lecture – Parts of the Brain and Function • Brain Mapping • Exit Slip – Association Areas of the Brain

  3. Opener Reading Questions • The Cerebrum is made up of how many hemispheres? (2, 4, 6) • The top layer of the cerebrum is called the ___________ cortex. (top, cerebral, hypo) • What connects the brain hemispheres? (corpus callosum, corpus Christi, corpse) • What side of the brain is associated with language? (Left, Right, Center) • What side of the brain is associated with finding patterns (i.e. faces)? (Left, Right, Center) • Which brain location is the vision center? • Which brain location contains the somatosensory area (body sensations)? • Which brain location is connected to higher mental abilities and motor movement? • Which brain location is connected to hearing and memory? • Which brain location is connected to speech? Answer Box (6-10) Broca’s Area Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe Occipital lobe Temporal Lobe

  4. Opener Reading Questions • The Cerebrum is made up of how many hemispheres? (2, 4, 6) • The top layer of the cerebrum is called the ___________ cortex. (top, cerebral, hypo) • What connects the brain hemispheres? (corpus callosum, corpus Christi, corpse) • What side of the brain is associated with language? (Left, Right, Center) • What side of the brain is associated with finding patterns (i.e. faces)? (Left, Right, Center) • Which brain location is the vision center? Occipital lobe • Which brain location contains the somatosensory area (body sensations)? Parietal lobe • Which brain location is connected to higher mental abilities and motor movement? Frontal lobe • Which brain location is connected to hearing and memory? Temporal lobe • Which brain location is connected to speech? Broca’s Area Answer Box (6-10) Broca’s Area Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe Occipital lobe Temporal Lobe

  5. Salvador Dali • Hallucinogenic Toreador • 1968 • Dali makes you use both sides of your brain to see his artwork! Crazy!

  6. Divisions of the BrainHindbrain • located at the rear base of the skull • Contains the cerebellum, the medulla, pons and reticular formation • regulates most basic life processes Cerebellum - posture and balance Medulla - controls respiration and reflexes Pons - sends messages between spinal cord and the brain; also produces chemicals needed for sleep Reticular Formation – controls attention, sleep and arousal

  7. The Midbrain • Small, located just above the pons • main function is to integrate and relay sensory information to the main part of the brain

  8. The Forebrain • Along with hindbrain, compose the brain’s central core • Where higher-thinking processes take place Thalamus - information relay, handles all information coming into brain except smell Hypothalamus – motivation, emotion, hunger, thirst, sex, body temperature, and sends messages to the pituitary gland.

  9. Higher-Thinking Processes • Cerebrum – two large hemispheres that cover the upper brain • Cerebral cortex – outer coating of cerebrum. Allows learning, information storage, and the processing of emotions and senses

  10. Corticalization • Increase in relative size and wrinkling of the cortex

  11. Corpus Callosum • Nerve fibers connecting the two hemispheres • Damage to this region can prevent left and right sides of the brain communicating with one another. • intentionally severing these fibers can prevent seizures spreading from one side of the brain to the other.

  12. Two Hemispheres

  13. Brain Mapping Activity

  14. 1. Color Areas2. Label from provided slides3. Describe Function/Activity Key: Mapping the Brain

  15. Occipital Lobes – where vision registers

  16. Parietal Lobes – Bodily sensations

  17. Temporal Lobes – hearing and memory

  18. Frontal Lobes – movement, smell, and higher mental functions (does not fully develop until age 25)

  19. Cerebellum - posture and balance Medulla - controls respiration and reflexes Pons - sends messages between spinal cord and the brain; also produces chemicals needed for sleep Reticular Formation – controls attention, sleep and arousal

  20. Frontal Lobes – movement, smell, and higher mental functions Parietal Lobes – Bodily sensations Occipital Lobes – where vision registers Temporal Lobes – hearing and memory • Cerebellum - posture and balance • Medulla - controls respiration and reflexes

  21. Yours should look something like this, add any missing or interesting information…

  22. On the back or your brain map; create some new neural pathways in your brain! • Write your name backwards from right to left. • Switch hands and do the same thing as one. • Using your opposite hand, copy the phrase below as quickly as you can. If you do it “right” you should be able to hold it in front of a mirror and it will look like normal writing. “My name is _____________________ and I am a student at Tates Creek High School.” Extension – if you skateboard, play guitar, or play a sport that involves throwing – take a video of yourself doing the activity both ways and then bring it in to show the class. +20 extra credit.

  23. Can you read this? Why? • I cnduo'tbvleieetaht I culodaulacltyuesdtannrdwaht I was rdnaieg. Unisg the icndeblirepweor of the hmuanmnid, aocdcrnig to rseecrah at CmabrigdeUinervtisy, it dseno'tmttaer in wahtoderr the lterets in a wrod are, the olnyirpoamtnttihng is taht the frsit and lsatltteer be in the rhgitpclae. The rset can be a taotlmses and you can sitllraed it whoutit a pboerlm. Tihs is bucseae the huamnmniddeos not raederveyltteer by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe. Aaznmig, huh? Yaeh and I awlyastghhuotslelinpg was ipmorantt! See if yuorfdreins can raedtihs too.

  24. Rotating Face Video • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j4iyoXcU44k • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QbKw0_v2clo

  25. Exit Slip – Primary Association Areas (next class) You will be given five images or words on the board; write down the first thing that pops into your head. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

  26. 1.

  27. 2.

  28. 3. • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=He-LBIyBUz8

  29. 4.

  30. 5.

  31. The Brain: Part II • To Get: • Handout from back shelf (when it is there) • To Do: • Opener Review • Cont’ Brain Notes • Limbic System • Methods of Studying the Brain • Exit Slip

  32. Open Note Review (½ sheet, number to six and answer) • Outer covering of the cerebrum that allows for learning, information storage and processing of emotions. • If you sustained a TBI and had trouble standing up you may have damaged which part of your hindbrain? • Nerve fibers that connect the two hemispheres of the brain are called what? In what situation might these fibers intentionally be cut? • What part of your brain processes a tap on the shoulder? • What part of the brain is being activated when you hear a song that makes you remember your childhood toys and Saturday mornings? • What response is this video BEST associated with (two classes ago…)

  33. Open Note Review • Outer covering of the cerebrum that allows for learning, information storage and processing of emotions. Cerebral cortex • If you sustained a TBI and had trouble standing up you may have damaged which part of your hindbrain? Cerebellum • Nerve fibers that connect the two hemispheres of the brain are called what? In what situation might these fibers intentionally be cut? Corpus callosum • What part of your brain processes a tap on the shoulder? Parietal Lobes • What part of the brain is being activated when you hear a song that makes you remember your childhood toys and Saturday mornings? Temporal Lobes • What response is this video BEST associated with (two classes ago…) Sympathetic response

  34. Limbic system • Deals with our experience of emotion • Made up of the Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Hippocampus, and the Amygdala

  35. Thalamus • All sense, except for smell, go here before distributed to other areas of the brain (switching station)

  36. Hypothalamus • Controls endocrine system • Connected to motivation/drives (hunger, thirst, sex)

  37. Hippocampus • Allows the creation of new memory (Clive Wearing)

  38. Amygdala • Responsible for experience of fear, anxiety, and aggression (Paul Whalen)

  39. What does music do to your brain? (answer in your notes…) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JpUVMpX62nw 1. What neurotransmitter does pleasant music release in your body? What is it responsible for? 2. What parts of the brain are affected that deal with memory? 3. How has music been used for patients with Alzheimer's and dementia? 4. How can the VOLUME of music have a negative impact of individuals?

  40. Motor Cortex • Part of the frontal lobes • Directs the body’s muscle • Aligned with sensory areas of the parietal lobe • S-tongue and M-jaw • Neurons fire here when we move certain body parts

More Related