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The Language of Composition Chp . 1 pg. 1 - 34

The Language of Composition Chp . 1 pg. 1 - 34. An Introduction to Rhetoric: Using the “Available Means”. Rhetoric my notes from text ( your notes should look like mine &/or can include more detail).

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The Language of Composition Chp . 1 pg. 1 - 34

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  1. The Language of CompositionChp. 1 pg. 1 - 34 An Introduction to Rhetoric: Using the “Available Means”

  2. Rhetoricmy notes from text(your notes should look like mine &/or can include more detail) • D1:thoughtful, reflective activity leading to effective communication, including rational exchange of opposing viewpoints • D2:the faculty of observing in any given case the available means of persuasion. • Developed by Greek philosopher Aristotle (384-322 B.C.E.) • Appeal to an audience • Resolveconflicts w/o confrontation • Persuade readers/listeners to support position • Move others to take action

  3. Key Elements:Rhetoric is always situational • Context: the occasion or the time and place it was written or spoken • Consider bias • Purpose: a goal that the speaker or writer want to achieve • Is the speaker trying to win agreement\ • Persuade us to take action • Evoke sympathy • Make someone laugh • Inform • Provoke • Celebrate • Repudiate • Put forth a proposal • Secure support • Bring about a favorable decision

  4. Appreciation Day Speech ofbaseball player Lou Gehrig • Context: • Literally: Delivered the speech between games of a double header • More significantly: poignant contrast between the celebration of his athletic career and the life-threatening diagnosis he had received • Purpose: • Remain positive, by looking on the bright side—his past luck and present optimism—and downplaying the bleak outlook

  5. Effectiveness • Thesis: A clear and focused statement • Main Idea: • Claim • Assertion • “luckiest man on the face of the earth.” • Subject: • Baseball in general, the New York Yankees in particular • Speaker/Persona: • Champion baseball player, not a polished orator or a highly sophisticated writer; he presents himself as a common man, modest and glad for the life he’s lived.

  6. Audience: • His fans and fellow athletes, those in the stadium, as well as those who will hear speech afar (radio), and people rooting for him on and off of the field • Speech: • Plainspoken • Positive appreciation for what he has had • Champion’s courageous acceptance of the challenges that lie before him

  7. Rhetorical (Aristotelian) Triangle Speaker Audience Subject

  8. Ethos • Tone:

  9. Logos • Assumption: • Counterarguement:

  10. Pathos • Notations: • Propagandistic: • Polemical:

  11. Einstein’s letter • Rhetorically effective? • Subject: • Speaker: • Audience: • Context: • Purpose: • Appeals to Logos: • Appeals to Pathos: • Appeals to Ethos:

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