A Novel View of Spacetime Permitting Faster-than-Light Travel

1. A Novel View of Spacetime Permitting Faster-than-Light Travel Gregory V. Meholic Greg.V.Meholic@aero.org February 10, 2004 Space Technologies and Applications International Forum Albuquerque, NM

2. Discussion Topics • Relativistic Symmetry • The Tri-Space Universe • Tri-Space Architecture • Characteristics of Spacetime • Trans-Space Dynamics • The Trans-Space Method of FTL Travel • Proposed process • Comparison to other FTL methods • Other Phenomena Explained by Tri-Space • Dark Matter and Dark Energy • The Source of Inertia* • Concluding Remarks * More detail tomorrow at 11:30 am, Session F06

3. Relativistic Symmetry Combining two equations of Special Relativity yields the following relationship of mass, energy and velocity: First, put into and get Then, normalize with respect to velocity and get: Plot the results...

4. E |mo c2 | Negative Velocity Region (?) 2 1 v c -2 2 -1 Negative Energy Region (?) -2 -v = c v = c Relativistic Symmetry Since “negative” quantities are not well understood, only the upper-right quadrant represents the “Tri-Space” universe. Figure from Puscher, E. A., “Faster-than-Light Particles: A Review of Tachyon Characteristics,” Paper N-1530-AF, Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, 1980.

5. 2 E 2 |m |c o 1 v = c 0 1 2 v c The Tri-Space Universe 2) LUMINAL SPACETIME:Real E, mo=0 Time = space v always = c “Luxons” For a given absolute energy at any point in space, three possible sets of physical laws simultaneously exist, each defining a unique spacial realm. 3) SUPERLUMINAL SPACE:Increase E = Lower v t goes forward Imaginary mo c is slowest speed “Tachyons” 1) SUBLUMINAL SPACE:Increase E = Higher v Real mo t goes forward c is fastest speed “Tardyons” Tri-space consists of TWOspaces separated by ONEspacetime.

6. Tri-Space Architecture Subluminal Space EM radiation and waves/particles Gravity attracts Space lines Spacetime surface Mass Time lines Spacetime “thickness” or ZPF (?) Gravity repels Space lines Spacetime medium (strings, quant. foam) Spacetime Superluminal Space

7. Characteristics of Spacetime • Spacetime is everywhere and exhibits the same qualities between galaxies as it does between atoms. • It acts as a semi-permeable barrier between the two spaces. • Spacetime medium made of strings, filaments and quantum “loops”. • Has a thickness which “filters” certain energies between spaces. • Exhibits quasi-fluidic properties (elasticity, viscosity, density, etc.). • Spacetime has a surface that supports most EM radiation energies. • Includes mass energy, particles, waves, etc. • Permittivity and permeability determine speed of light, c. • Exhibits a surface tension-like quality (small masses). • Spacetime distortion and displacement = Gravity

8. Trans-Space Dynamics • Sub- and superluminal spaces co-exist and are separated by spacetime. • Mass energy follows the Trans-Space Mass-Energy Relation, where: • Mass in one space equals energy in the other. • Mass is interchangeable between spaces (conserving energy and momentum in the universe). • Quantum state of matter and spacetime determines in which space mass exists (quarksmay be able to freely jump between spaces). • Gravity attracts mass in same space, but repels mass in the adjacent space. • Time proceeds forward and concurrently in BOTH spaces. • In superluminal space… • Mass has imaginary proper states, but real observablestates. • Velocity is always greater than c. (This is normal!) • As energy decreases, velocity increases. • “Stationary” EM radiation - usable for propulsion (?)

9. v<c Mass Subluminal + Field + Field q q- + Field Superluminal + Field Energy Energy Energy ‘Stationary’ EM radiation + Field q+ + Field v>c Mass v>c Mass Trans-Space FTL Travel How can Tri-Space allow for FTL travel? 2) Process converts superluminal energy into mass and subluminal mass into energy. 1) Create a “field” to force subluminal quarks into superluminal space. 3) Superluminal mass can now travel FTL in superluminal space by field interaction with “stationary” EM radiation.

10. Trans-Space FTL Travel Vessel traverses subluminal space while traveling through superluminal space 4) When the destination is reached, the field reverses polarity to force superlight quarks back into subluminal space. v<c Mass Subluminal - Field q- Superluminal - Field Energy • Conversion of mass and energy between sub- and superluminal spaces at the quark level. • This is only a proposed process and certainly may not be the only way to jump across spacetime. • This method has many advantages over other FTL concepts…

11. Comparison to Other FTL Concepts Trans-Space Travel Other FTL Travel Concepts - Disturbance created in spacetime - Access to multi-dimensional space (?) Matter energy transferred from one space to another through spacetime Basic Concept Vessel travels through holes, warps, folds, or hidden dimensions in spacetime Vessel traverses subluminal space by traveling through superluminal space Mass - Absolute throughout tri-space - Conserved between spaces - Large amounts required - ‘Negative’ energy required (?) Energy - Sometimes instantaneous - no causal effects - ‘Negative’ energy may pose issues - No causality effects - Time travel not possible Time - Unknown, difficult or impossible - Destination known beforehand Possible in superluminal space (similar to subluminal space) Navigation/ Control - No guarantee of FTL velocities - Quantum effects not defined - “Brute force” to get to FTL velocities - No ‘negative’ quantities required - Transition to FTL state at subatomic level Other

12. Phenomena Explained by Tri-Space What else can Tri-Space suggest an explanation for? • The Tri-Space Universe Concept can also provide consistent and viable explanations for the following: • Dark Matter and Dark Energy* • Inertia** • Accelerated Universal Expansion • Gravitons • Gravity waves • Zero-Point Field (ZFP) energy and quantum vacuum • String theory • Quantum behavior • Tachyon particles * Covered in next slides ** More detail tomorrow at 11:30 am, Session F06

13. Subluminal mass feels repulsive gravity from “dark” superluminal source Subluminal “Dark” Matter Mass Superluminal E |mo| c2 2 1 v = c v/c 0 1 2 Dark Matter and Dark Energy • The Trans-Space Mass-Energy Relation permits real, positive mass to exist in either (but only one) space. • Mass will remain unseen (“dark”) from the adjacent space and produce a repulsive gravity effect. • Dark Matter could exist at energy levels well below those of subluminal space. • These energies could also represent the vacuum energy or ZPF. Dark Matter is proposed to be mass in superluminal space that can only be“seen” by its repulsive gravitational energy in subluminal space.

14. Concluding Remarks • Two spaces (sub- and superluminal) and one spacetime co-exist making up the Tri-Space Universe. • Mass and energy could be interchangeable between spaces at the subatomic (quark) level and possibly beyond. • The Trans-Space FTL concept proposes that a mass can traverse sublight space by moving through superlight space. • The Tri-Space concept suggests that Dark Matter is superluminal mass that manifests itself as repulsive gravity effects in our space. • Inertia is analogous to a fluidic displacement effect of spacetime on mass. • Science needs new approaches to explain recent discoveries in physics and cosmology. Tri-Space may be one possible avenue to explore. • Although the ideas are, at present, speculation, they’re based on current physics and scientific observations. • Currently formulating the definition of Tri-Space spacetime to accurately represent fundamental physics and modern definitions. • Need to develop experiments to test Tri-Space concepts.

15. The Source of Inertia • Tri-Space suggests that a mass not only distorts, but displaces spacetime, thereby creating two gravity fields: • The primary gravity well is from displacement. • The secondary gravity field is the familiar, resultant effect on spacetime. • Spacetime’s quasi-fluidic properties yield a “time lag” for it to react to the change in position of a mass, as well as viscous resistance. BASIC ACCELERATION The mass feels INERTIA 2)t>0 Secondary distortion 1)t=0 v F F M Primary gravity well Backwards tug from primary well Spacetime resists displacement 3)t>>0 4)t>>>0 v v v Primary well begins to recover Recovery surge for steady-state Gravity well broadens Inertia is resultant effect when an object “climbs” out of its own primary gravity well and is generated when spacetime resists changes in its topography.