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Chapter 1 Introduction to Computer Repair

Chapter 1 Introduction to Computer Repair. Certifications. Certifications May substitute for experience May get them an interview Shows they know the basic information for the job

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Chapter 1 Introduction to Computer Repair

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  1. Chapter 1Introduction to Computer Repair

  2. Certifications • Certifications • May substitute for experience • May get them an interview • Shows they know the basic information for the job • Does not demonstrate ability to think logically, troubleshoot problems, or deal with people in a professional manner • Validates experienced technicians proficiency and up-to-date knowledge

  3. A+ Certification & Comp TIA • Computing Technology Industry Association (CompTIA) • Created in 1982 from representatives of five microcomputer dealerships. • The A+ certification demonstrates competency as a computer technician. They have many more certifications • The A+ Certification is a non-vendor specific industry standard certification. • Does not guarantee someone a job • Is required by a lot of companies and agencies • Consists of two exams • 220-701 A+ Essentials • 220-702 IT Technician • CompTIA states that it measures competencies for an IT professional with at least 1000 hours of hands-on experience in the lab or field.

  4. Preliminary Safety Notes 02 01 Power Supply and CRT Monitor Computer Power Turn off and unplug the computer when taking the computer apart, installing parts, removing parts, or performing preventive maintenance. Do not take these components apart without specific training. They hold a charge and can hurt you.

  5. Overview Explore qualities of a good computer support person Qualities Discover the major parts of the computer Parts Identify ports seen on a computer Ports

  6. A good technician… Technician Qualities Know technical terms, but explain in easy to understand words Active listening Good, positive attitude Humbleness

  7. Traits of a tech • Dependable • Responsible • Adapt • Versitle • Sensitive

  8. Safety of the computer • Electrostatic Discharge • Anti-Static Tools • Wrist strap • Anti-static mat • Anti-static bag • And don’t drop the computer!

  9. Beginning Terms Hardware • The physical components • Case, keyboard, power supply, mouse Software • Operating systems such as Windows 7, Red Hat Linux, Snow Leopard • Applications such as Adobe Acrobat and Microsoft PowerPoint Firmware A combination of hardware and software such as chips on an adapter (hardware) that contain software to control and customize the adapter or the BIOS on the motherboard.

  10. Hardware and Software Interaction • Notice how the operating system communicates with hardware through the kernel and the operating system. • Another way the operating system communicates with hardware is directly through the BIOS (which is not shown). • This is especially important for integrated components inside the computer. • What’s the BIOS?

  11. How the pc works • Interaction of RAM, Processor and Hard-Drive • What does the OS do? • Memory management • File management • Process management • What is a device driver? • User Interface • Utilities

  12. Basic Computer Parts

  13. Basic Computer Parts

  14. Basic Laptop Parts

  15. Basic Laptop Parts DC power port Media bay

  16. Basic Motherboard Parts

  17. Other Major Parts • Motherboard • RAM • Flash memory • Expansion slots • Adapters • Memory • RAM (Random Access Memory) • Volatile or contents are gone if power is removed • ROM (Read Only Memory) • Contents cannot be changed • Stores less than hard drives

  18. Basic Ports DINs are notched/keyed D-shell connectors are shaped like the letter D turned to the right. DB-25 (parallel) DB-9 (serial) DB-15 (game)

  19. Video Ports • DVI • Flat panel monitors, LCDs • S-Video • TVs, VCRs, cameras, external video devices • 2 channel video • VGA • Older CRT monitors • Lowest common denominator for all video cards

  20. USB Ports • 127 devices on a single port • But your OS/controller may not support 127 devices !! • 1.0 • 1.5 and 12Mbps • 2.0 • Plus sign (+) • 480Mbps • 3.0 • SS (SuperSpeed) • 5Gbps • Mini versions available • Converters of all types are available

  21. USB “mini” Connectors • Common on • Cameras • Digital media readers • External hard drives • Three types • Mini-A • Mini-B • Mini-AB Mini-B USB Connector

  22. Parallel Port • Also known as a printer port • DB-25 (25-pin) female port • Replaced by USB • Transmits data 8 bits at a time

  23. Serial Port • Also known as a COM, RS-232, or asynchronous port • DB-9 (9-pin) male port and an older DB-25 male port • Replaced by USB (Actually also serial transmission) • Transmits data 1 bit at a time • If a serial port is needed such as to configure a router, a USB to serial converter can be purchased. • This is not a simple converter but requires a device and driver

  24. Keyboards and Mice • Wired • Mini-DIN or PS/2 port (not interchangeable) • USB port • Wireless • Bluetooth • RF • Mouse types • Mechanical (rubber ball) • Optical (LEDs) • Keyboard types • Mechanical • Cheaper, most common, more error-prone • Capacitive • More complex design Mouse Keyboard

  25. Preventive Maintenance • Mouse • Cleaning kits • Optical: damp, lint-free cloth for the bottom • Mechanical mouse ball: clean with mild detergent, rinse, and dry thoroughly. For rollers, lint-free cloth with alcohol; otherwise, fingernail, small screwdriver, straightened paper clip. • Keyboard • Cleaning wipes • Compressed air • Cotton or lint-free swab between keys • Upside down shake

  26. Wireless Input Devices • Infrared • Shorter distances and cheaper • Radio • Interferences from other devices • Troubleshooting • Battery • Line of site with infrared • Move device or transceiver • Interference • Device recognized by operating system

  27. Other Input Devices

  28. Sound Card Ports • Converts digital signals to sound (analog signal) and vice versa • Can be on the motherboard or on an adapter

  29. Sound Card Ports • Commonly have symbols that designate the purpose of the port • Standardized colors • Orange – Center speaker or subwoofer • Black – Rear speaker • Light blue – Line in • Lime – Line out • Pink – Microphone • Gray – Side speaker

  30. IEEE 1394 Port • 63 devices can connect to a single port (using hubs) • Speeds of 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, and 3200Mbps • Also called FireWire or i.Link • Faster than USB • Supports hot swapping

  31. IEEE 1394 Port • 4-, 6-, and 9-pin connectors • 4-pin on consumer electronics • 6-pin on computers • 9-pin used on 800Mbps connections • Newer standards support RJ-45 and fiber connectors 6-pin 4-pin 9-pin

  32. Network Ports • Connects a computer to other computers, a network, which could include a server and a printer among other devices. • Two types • Ethernet • Most common type • RJ-45 port • Token Ring • Not very common

  33. Ethernet Ports • Most common • Types • BNC (old) • 15-pin female D-shell (old) • RJ-45 • Connects to UTP cable

  34. Modem Ports • A modem connects a computer to a phone line. • Has one or two RJ-11 ports • A modem can be an adapter or an external device. • The adapter has two connectors for connecting the phone cables. • Line port has a cable that goes to the phone jack on the wall. • Phone port has a cable that connects to a telephone. • An external modem connects to a serial port. • Phone cables use the same ports as the internal modem.

  35. Integrated Motherboards Mini-IEEE1394(FireWire) RJ-45NIC RJ-45NIC 6 audioports OpticalS/PDIF IEEE1394 Mouse Keyboard Line in Line out Microphone 2 USBports 2 USBports Center speaker Rear speaker Side speaker 2 USBports 2 USBports CoaxS/PDIF

  36. Pros of Integrated Motherboards Fewer slots needed Saves on the number of expansion slots needed or used Ease of support Easier to troubleshoot and support Data to the port faster Gets data to the port faster than if the port was on an adapter

  37. Cons of Integrated Motherboards What if a port goes bad? You have to add an adapter or replace the motherboard. What if there is not an available slot? Quality??? The port may not be as high a quality as an adapter you might buy Waste of ports May have ports you don’t need or want

  38. Docking Station • A docking station allows a laptop to be more like a desktop computer. • Commonly has connections to a monitor, printer, keyboard, and mouse

  39. Port Replicator • Similar to a docking station • Does not include any expansion slots or drive storage bays. • Attaches to the laptop and allows external devices such as monitor, keyboard, and mouse to be connected. • A port replicator is for quick & easily taking your laptop on the go, a dock station is to make it like a desktop computer

  40. Port Round-up

  41. Questions???

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