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Jimmy Carter Democrat 1977-1981 born: Oct 1, 1924 and still kickin !!! Vp : Walter Mondale

Jimmy Carter Democrat 1977-1981 born: Oct 1, 1924 and still kickin !!! Vp : Walter Mondale. I. Political Background. a. 1963-1967 : Georgia senator b. 1971-1975: Georgia governor c. 1977-1981: 39 th US pres. d. 1980: Lost election to Ronald Reagan. (1) Election of 1976.

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Jimmy Carter Democrat 1977-1981 born: Oct 1, 1924 and still kickin !!! Vp : Walter Mondale

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  1. Jimmy CarterDemocrat1977-1981born: Oct 1, 1924and still kickin!!!Vp:Walter Mondale

  2. I. Political Background • a. 1963-1967: Georgia senator • b. 1971-1975: Georgia governor • c. 1977-1981: 39th US pres. • d. 1980: Lost • election to Ronald Reagan

  3. (1)Election of 1976 • [D] Jimmy Carter/Walter Mondale • [R] Gerald R. Ford/Robert Dole • Very close election 1. Popular Vote: 40,977,147 to 39,422,671 2. Electoral Vote: 297 to 240 d. Jimmy Carter's success in the election of 1976 resulted in large part because he seemed to possess honesty, piety, and an outsider's skepticism of the federal government

  4. Blue=Carter Green=Ford

  5. (2) Panama Canal 1. Pushed for ratification of a treaty that would return control of the Panama Canal to the Panamanian gov’t on Dec 31, 1999. (Unpopular - had just one vote more than the required # for the 2/3rds majority!)

  6. (4) African apartheid: The discovery of diamonds in South Africa caused issues between races. B) With the enactment of apartheid laws in 1948, racial discrimination was institutionalized. Race laws touched every aspect of social life, including a prohibition of marriage between non-whites and whites, and the sanctioning of ``white-only'' jobs. In 1950, the Population Registration Act required that all South Africans be racially classified into one of three categories: white, black (African), or colored (of mixed decent).

  7. (5) Camp David Accords 1. Carter invited Egyptian president Anwar el-Sadat and Israeli prime minister Menachem Begin to the presidential retreat at Camp David, Maryland, to discuss peace between the two nations 2. Meeting lasted over 13 days during September, 1978 – was successful!

  8. 3. Drafted and signed on March 26, 1979 4. Other Arab nations rejected the Camp David Accords

  9. (6) Iranian Hostage Crisis 1. Islamic Revolution in Iran occurred on November 4, 1979 2. America supported shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, who was forced to leave Iran 3. Shah was very ill with cancer and was admitted to an American hospital

  10. 4. Iranians believed that his presence in the U.S. would provide a base for the Shah to reclaim his throne 5. Ayatollah Khomeini, a radical Islamic leader and one of the Shah’s most vocal opponents, became Iran’s leader and proclaimed Iran an Islamic Republic

  11. Iran Hostage Crisis 6. Nov 4, 1979: American embassy in Tehran, Iran was attacked and the American Staff was taken hostage

  12. 7. Diplomatic efforts failed, and Carter froze all Iranian financial assets in the U.S. 8. Failed military attempt to rescue the hostages – almost half of the helicopters developed mechanical problems; another crashed (8 U.S. Soldiers died during Operation Eagle Claw, April 1980) 9. HUGE embarrassment to the Carter Administration and the U.S.

  13. Downed American helicopter duringOperation Eagle Claw – on a mission to rescue the hostages

  14. 10. 52 men were held hostage for 444 days – release time was scheduled for January 20, 1981, when Ronald Reagan became the next president

  15. (7a) China • Carter Administration formally recognized the People’s Republic as the sole government of China – led to the establishment of normal relations with Communist China.

  16. (8) Soviet invasion of Afghanistan a. Civil war in Afghanistansecular, communist gov’t vs. Muslims (rebels) who wanted a more traditional gov’t that followed the religion b. Invasion of Soviets: Dec, 1979; began a 9-year conflict claimed they were not invading the country but were supporting a legitimate government against terrorists.

  17. C. The US, China, United Kingdom, Saudi Arabia, and Pakistan supported the rebels in an effort to deal with Soviet communism. d. Foreign fighters who wished to wage Holy War against the atheist communists came from all over to assist in the resistance, including Osama bin Laden, whose young group later became known as al Qaeda.

  18. (9) Boycott Olympics Carter withdrew American participation in the summer Olympics held in Moscow as a result of the invasion [60+ nations boycotted in total] (USSR retaliated in 1984 at the L.A. Olympics…)

  19. (10) Steven Jobs/Stephen Wozniak • Co-founders of Apple Inc. on April 1, 1976 • Greatly increased the popularity of personal computers in the 1970s- making a HUGE impact on the business and communication world • Apple II was 1st successful sale; eclipsed by Mac

  20. (12) SALT II (Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty) 1. Carter attempted to negotiate a SALT II treaty with the Soviets, but some members of Congress felt it threatened American defense 2. When the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in 1979, all talk of ratifying the treaty was pushed aside

  21. (3) Creation of Dept. of Energy a. created as a result of the severe energy crisis of the 1970s b. Carter called for conservation of fuel and use of alternative energy sources c. Coal miner’s strike and the nuclear power plant accident at Three-Mile Island near Harrisburg, PA dealt blows to his energy policies

  22. (7.b) Accident at Three-Mile Island a. March 28, 1979: a nuclear power plant in PN experienced a server core meltdown in one of the plant’s reactors b. Despite the scare that radioactivity would spread and damage people nearby, no one received a harmful amount. c. This accident led the U.S. to reform our nuclear power industry to improve safety!

  23. (11) Civil Service Reform Act 1978 a. Included a wide variety of management reforms, including creation of the Office of Personnel Management (OPM), the Merit Systems Protection Board (MSPB), and the Federal Labor Relations Authority (FLRA) (these agencies replaced the former U.S. Civil Service Commission). b. Aimed to reward highly efficient government workers and get rid of inefficient ones.

  24. d. Economic Troubles • 1. Inflation and high • Unemployment( stagflation) were still problems • 2. High interest rates and a • poor home-mortgage market • discouraged economic expansion • 3. He is not remembered as a successful president at all!

  25. V. Random Information about Life After Presidency a. Founded the Carter Center in Atlanta in 1982 that promotes human rights, democracy, improved public health and advances in agriculture b. Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2002 for his efforts in seeking peaceful solutions and promoting social justice

  26. c. Will forever be known as the “Peanut Farmer” president from Georgia due to his peanut agricultural background before becoming involved in politics

  27. Recapping Carter’s Presidency:

  28. Answer the following questions • Use textual evidence to explain what particular problem with American society did Carter mention? • Identify, using textual support, earlier efforts in American history to promote the kind of enlightened self-restraint and civic virtue that President Carter emphasized. • How do you think Americans at the time- most of whom were forced to wait in long lines for gasoline- responded to Carter’s appeal? Use textual evidence to support your claim.

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