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Water pollution

Learn about the different sources of water pollution, such as agricultural and industrial waste, and their harmful effects on aquatic ecosystems. Discover the concept of eutrophication and its impact on lakes and streams. Explore various types of water pollutants, including disease-causing agents, organic chemicals, sediment, radioactive isotopes, and thermal pollution. Understand the importance of addressing water pollution to protect biodiversity and ensure the availability of clean water for all.

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Water pollution

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  1. Water pollution

  2. Water pollution is any chemical, biological, or physical change in water quality that has a harmful effect on living organisms or makes water unsuitable for desired uses. • Point source: specific location (drain pipes, ditches, sewer lines). • Nonpoint source: cannot be traced to a single site of discharge (atmospheric deposition, agricultural / industrial / residential runoff)

  3. Sources of pollution • Agriculture - Fertilizers, animal wastes, etc. • Municipalwaste - Sewage, fertilizers, dumping into drainage ditches, etc. • Industrialwaste - Chemicals left over from manufacturing, waste products, etc.

  4. Eutrophication • Eutrophication: the natural nutrient enrichment of a shallow lake, estuary or slow moving stream, mostly from runoff of plant nutrients from the surrounding land. • Cultural eutrophication: human activities accelerate the input of plant nutrients (mostly nitrate- and phosphate-containing effluents) to a lake.

  5. Biochemical oxygen demand • In a flowing stream, the breakdown of degradable wastes by bacteria depletes DO and creates an oxygen sag curve. • This reduces or eliminates populations of organisms with high oxygen requirements.

  6. Oxygen sag curve

  7. Types of pollution • Disease-causingagents – from sewage, such as fecal coliform (general group of bacteria from animal wastes), viruses, and parasitic worms. • Oxygen-demandingwastes (BOD) – decomposing bacteria • Water soluble inorganic wastes (acids, salts, lead, mercury) • Inorganic plant nutrients (nitrates, phosphates)

  8. Types of pollution • Organicchemicals – oil, gasoline, pesticides • Sediment – soil particles from runoff. This is the biggest water pollutant in terms of quantity. • Radioactiveisotopes – can be cancer-causing • Thermal – heated water released from industry • Invasivespecies (biotic pollution) – reduces biodiversity

  9. Types of pollution • Organicchemicals – oil, gasoline, pesticides • Sediment – soil particles from runoff. This is the biggest water pollutant in terms of quantity. • Radioactiveisotopes – can be cancer-causing • Thermal – heated water released from industry • Invasivespecies (biotic pollution) – reduces biodiversity

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