Green Codes & Standards: Opportunities and Challenges for Sunrooms

1. Green Codes & Standards: Opportunities and Challenges for Sunrooms Dan Walker, P.E. National Sunroom Association

2. What Drives Energy Codes? • Building Codes • IBC, NFPA 5000 are life-safety codes • Minimum standards are set to protect loss of life • Energy Codes • IECC, ASHRAE 90.1 set minimum requirements for energy conservation  this is NOT a life-safety issue • Minimums are set in one of two ways: • Economic Justification (i.e. cost effectiveness) • Legislative Mandates (the law)

3. Overview – Energy & Green Codes & Standards Landscape • ICC • IECC - International Energy Conservation Code • IgCC - International Green Construction Code • ASHRAE • 90.1 - Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings • 189.1 - Standard for the Design of High-Performance, Green Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings • ASHRAE Advanced Energy Design Guides • Design Guides to help achieve 30% savings over ASHRAE 90.1-1999 • Design Guides to help achieve 50% savings over ASHRAE 90.1-2004 • USGBC LEED - Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design • National Energy Code of Canada for Buildings • State Codes • California Title 24 • Florida • Vermont • The list continues…

5. Washington Business Journal “A bill sponsored in Maryland by seven separate delegates proposed that Maryland adopt version two of the International Green Construction Code in its entirety...” “…this version of IgCC incorporates the upcoming Standard 189.1 for High Performance Buildings currently being developed by the American Society of Heating Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE).”

6. Small Retail AEDG-SERIES Warehouses IRC Small Office K-12 USGBC IESNA ASHRAE AIA USDOE ICC NAHB P189.1 90.1 Energy Star IECC NAHB Green Bldg. Guidelines LEED 2009 LEED-ND LEED-HOMES ICC 700-2008 LEED-NC LEED-CS LEED-CI LEED-EB LEED-RETAIL LEED-HEALTH CA TITLE-24 Part 6 GBI GBI BUILD IT GREEN Advanced Buildings FBC- ENERGY CODE CATITLE-24Part11 GREEN GLOBES GREEN POINT RATED Core Performance Guide

7. Small Retail AEDG-SERIES Warehouses ASTM, Intl. IRC Small Office K-12 USGBC IESNA ASHRAE AIA USDOE ICC NAHB P189.1 90.1 Energy Star IECC NAHB Green Bldg. Guidelines IgCC LEED 2009 LEED-ND LEED-HOMES ICC 700-2008 LEED-NC LEED-CS LEED-CI LEED-EB LEED-RETAIL LEED-HEALTH CA TITLE-24 Part 6 GBI GBI BUILD IT GREEN Advanced Buildings FBC- ENERGY CODE CA TITLE-24 Part 11 CA TITLE-24 Part 11 GREEN GLOBES GREEN POINT RATED Core Performance Guide

8. Assembly U-Factors vs R-Values? • Movie: “My Cousin Vinny” • Joe Pesci - “Your honor, the two yutes…” • Judge – “What’s a Yute?” • What’s a “U”? Measured in Btu/h•ft2•°F • U = Thermal Transmittance • “U is the reciprocal of R” (U = 1/R) • Technically true, but that’s for insulation only • Assemblies are comprised of many R’s that vary • So really, U-Factor = 1/RTotal • Where do U’s come from? • Most often from hot box tests or computer modeling. You can’t add R-values of insulation unless they are continuous and uncompressed. • Sunroom framing would cause thermal bridges, so foam panels aren’t really continuous Photo Credit: 20th Century Fox

9. Energy Codes & Standards

10. Bottom Line • Most states require compliance with ASHRAE 90.1 as a minimum • Sometimes referenced directly, or • IECC invokes ASHRAE 90.1 as an alternate • Some Exceptions (More stringent) • California • Georgia • Washington

11. ASHRAE 90.1 • What’s “ASHRAE”? • American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-conditioning Engineers • Basis of much of what is required in the IECC, state and national energy codes • Specifically referenced in the Energy Policy Act(s) as the benchmark

12. ASHRAE 90.1 • Building Envelope • HVAC Systems • Service Water Heating • Lighting • Other Equipment • There is also a provision in ASHRAE 90.1 for “Semi-heated” buildings • Much lower insulation requirements (cost based) • No cooling • Heating equipment capable of only reaching roughly 50 degrees F

13. DOE Climate Zone Map 40th Annual MBCEA Convention

14. “High Performance” Green Building Codes ASHRAE 189.1, IgCC PV 2.0, ICC-700

15. “Green Building” • What is Green Building?

16. “Green Building”

17. “Green Building” • “Green Building” is a process for creating buildings and supporting infrastructure that:

18. “Green Building” • Purpose for Green Building projects:

19. Building Facts – ICC 700 Goals • The standard addresses the significant impact construction and operation of buildings has on the environment. • Buildings - 40% of energy use in the US • Construction - 20-30% of landfill deposits

20. National Green Building Standard • ICC and NAHB Collaboration • Consensus process started in April of 2007 • Participation from: • Builders, Architects, Manufacturers • Government – EPA, DOE, State & City Building Officials • Stakeholders – USGBC, Trade Associations • Includes Single-Family, Multi-Family, Remodeling and Site Development • Consistent with ICC Language • ANSI approved in January 2009

21. Scope, Intent, and Applicability of ICC-700 • The standard rates site design and development and residential buildings with respect to their potential environmental impact. It is a minimum standard; it includes four threshold levels to encourage the construction of higher performing green buildings. • Bronze • Silver • Gold • Emerald

22. Scope of ICC 700 A major differentiation of ICC 700 is the application to existing residential buildings. • Why? Existing structures make up 90% of housing • Existing buildings are not addressed by most current residential green building programs. • Renovations and additions are specifically addressed and rated in ICC 700.

23. ICC 700 Goals • Erosion and sedimentation control and stormwater management. • Developing brownfield and greyfield sites. • Building in close proximity to public and/or alternative transportation. • Avoiding environmentally sensitive areas, such as wetlands. • Landscape design which limits long term water and energy use and preserves the natural environment

24. ICC 700 Goals • Reducing heat island effects. • Implementing rainwater collection and gray water recycling systems. • Limited use of irrigation systems. • Using low-flow toilets, fixtures and shower heads.

25. ICC 700 Goals • Building smaller structures - reduce site impact, materials and energy use. • Building up instead of out to produce smaller building footprints. • Using durable, affordable and low maintenance materials. • Using materials which are biodegradable or recyclable. • Recycling construction and post construction waste.

26. ICC 700 Goals • Building high performance/energy efficient building envelopes • Using energy efficient luminaries, appliances, and heating and cooling systems • Sealing ducts, building envelopes, including weather stripping and added insulation • Using whole house ventilation and ceiling fans • Using low Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) emitting materials • Installing Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value (MERV) air filters

27. The ANSI Process • In January 2009, ICC-700 became the first green building standard to receive American National Standards Institute (ANSI) status. • Its development follows strict due process in accordance with ANSI requirements. • The NAHB Research Center is overseeing and acting as Secretariat.

28. Why do Affordability, Enforceability, and Ease of Implementation Matter? • Enforceability • Allows local building departments to double as environmental stewards • Can be administered locally, unlike most other green programs • May be more cost effective than remotely administered programs • Written in enforceable language.

29. Can Green Be Affordable? • Green is becoming mainstream • The cost of going green is coming down • Affordable and Cost Prohibitive Options • Conservation principles typically mean cost savings. • If we implement material resource conservation, this can result in less materials and less cost in the short term.

30. We have building codes. Why do we need green building programs? Traditionally, building codes and standards have addressed how the environment affects buildings. Green and sustainable building addresses the other half of the equation: how buildings affect the environment.

31. The NGBS as a Rating Tool The NGBS address environmental concerns through consideration of the following criteria Land Conservation Water Conservation Material Resource Conservation Energy Efficiency/Fossil Fuel Conservation Indoor and Outdoor Air Quality.

32. The NGBS as a Rating Tool Promotes owner education regarding Green Building • Operation • Maintenance Multiple Threshold Levels to encourage the construction of Higher Performance Buildings • Bronze • Silver • Gold • Emerald

33. ICC-700 as a Rating Tool • The NGBC also rates the site design and development of a new or existing subdivision by awarding them • One star • Two star • Three star • Four star • To encourage the highest environmental performance level.

34. Rating and Energy Efficiency BRONZE Requires a minimum energy efficiency increase of 15% and awards 30 points in the Energy category. SILVER Requires a minimum energy efficiency increase of 30% and awards 60 points in the Energy category. GOLD Requires a minimum energy efficiency increase of 50% and awards 100 points in the Energy category. EMERALD Requires a minimum energy efficiency increase of 60% and awards 120 points in the Energy category.

35. Structure of the ICC 700-2008 National Green Building Standard The ICC 700-2008 National Green Building Standard is divided into 10 chapters. • Scope and Administration • Definitions • Compliance Method • Site Design and Development • Lot Design, Preparation and Development • Resource Efficiency • Energy Efficiency • Indoor and Outdoor Water Use • Indoor Environmental Quality • Operation, Maintenance and Building Owner Education

36. Definitions • Impervious Surface • Infill Site • Life Cycle Analysis/Assessment (LCA) • Post-Consumer Recycled Content • Pre-Consumer (Post-Industrial) Recycled Content • Projection Factor • Renewable Energy • Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)

37. Introduction and Purpose • Chapter 7 contains the energy resource conservation related criteria of the standard. • Chapter 7 is intended to encourage the consideration of potential environmental impact when designers determine the thermal characteristics of the building envelope, as well as when they choose and design heating, cooling and conditioning systems and equipment. Highly efficient energy systems which reduce or eliminate fossil fuel consumption are encouraged.

38. Provisions of Chapter 7 • 701.4.2.1 Ducts must be sealed to reduce leakage • 701.4.2.2 Building cavities are not used as supply ducts. • 701.4.3 Insulation and air sealing

39. 704.3.2.1 Solar Hot Water heater 704.3.2.1 Solar Hot Water heater Table 704.3.2.1 Solar Hot Water Systems

40. Chapter 9 Provisions • Chapter 9 contains the Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) provisions. • Chapter 9 is intended to encourage designers to consider the potential impact of building systems, materials, equipment, and features on indoor air quality.

41. Focus of Green Building Programs:

42. Green Building Programs • Influences for local governments? • Environmental • Fringe groups may apply pressure • Political • Partisan sides may be taken • Legal • Potential lawsuits to urge mandatory compliance

43. Green Building Programs • Mandatory governmental action • Influenced by positions taken on High Profile Issues • Resources: Restricted access; depletion • Climate Change: Human-influenced global warming

44. Green Building Programs • Strategic areas • Typical categories include: • Sustainable Sites • Water Conservation • Energy efficiency • Material Resources • Indoor Environment • Innovation

45. Green Building Programs • Sustainable Site category • Addresses Topsoil & Erosion • Land Consumption & Site Development • Ecosystems (protect & or restore) • Storm Water Management • Heat Island Effects (non-roof & roof)

46. ANSI/ASHRAE/USGBC/IES Standard 189.1 • IgCC references 189.1 as an alternative • Published 1st Qtr. 2010 • Based on Mandatory requirements (w/ some prescriptive or performance options) • Various Municipalities looking to adopt

47. International green Construction Code (IgCC) • Commercial buildings / “model” code • Jurisdiction may reference ASHRAE 189.1 • References ICC – 700 for Residential • Currently under development • Expected completion is March 2012

48. IgCC Sections of Interest • 4: Site Development and Land Use • Preservation of Natural Resources, Transportation Impact, Heat Island • 5: Material Resource Conservation and Efficiency • Material and Waste Management, Service Life • 6: Energy Conservation, Efficiency and Atmospheric Quality • Energy Use and Atmospheric Impacts, Building Envelope and Mechanical Systems, Building Renewable Energy Systems • 8: Indoor Environmental Quality and Comfort • Acoustics, Indoor Air Quality, Mat’l Emissions, Daylighting • 10: Existing Building Site Development • Additions

49. International green Construction Code (IgCC) • Public Version 1.0 – Aug. 2010 Comment Hearings • 1500 Public Comments • Richland, WA and State of Rhode Island adopted PV 1.0 draft • Oregon and Colorado working to adopt an IgCC draft • Public Version 2.0 – Public Review ended Jan. 3rd • Expect over 1500 Comments • May 2011 Code Development Hearing (CDH) • CDH Public Comments – August 2011 • Final Action Hearings – November 2011 • Publish IgCC 2012 – March 2012 • Since the IgCC will be a part of the I-Codes and the influence ICC has on building codes…the IgCC will likely be adopted more readily than 189.1

50. IgCC • IgCC PV2.0 allows use of ASHRAE 189.1 if permitted by Jurisdiction. • ICC 700 referenced for Residential Projects • ICC 700 published in 2009 • IgCC more Performance Based – Whole Building Modeling • No Thermally Isolated Sunroom Provisions • Buildings less than 20,000 s.f. may use Prescriptive Path Option • Refers to IECC 2012 Building Envelope Tables