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Geography of Germany

Geography of Germany. Contents. Overview Mountain ranges, rivers and seas Agriculture North, Midlands and South Industries Resources Tourism. Overview . position: Central Europe size: 138,000 m² (miles) capital: Berlin population: 82.000.000 16 Bundesländer

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Geography of Germany

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  1. Geography of Germany

  2. Contents • Overview • Mountain ranges, rivers and seas • Agriculture • North, Midlands and South • Industries • Resources • Tourism

  3. Overview position: Central Europe size:138,000 m² (miles) capital: Berlin population:82.000.000 16 Bundesländer neighbouring countries: Poland, Czech Republic, Austria, Switzerland, France, The Netherlands, Luxembourg, Belgium, Denmark highest mountain: Zugspitze (2963m) longest rivers: Rhine 865 km Elbe 700km

  4. Mountains& rivers • Mountains: • Germany is more flat in the North than in the South • South (Bavaria): foothills of the Alps • a lot of (lower) mountains in the midlands and in Southern Germany • Rivers: • 816 rivers and 30 of them are over 200km • most of them are navigable

  5. Oceans • North Sea • marginal sea to the Atlantic Ocean • average temperature in the summer: 18°C • average temperature in the winter: 1°C • surface about 575.000 km² • Baltic Ocean • surface about 412.560 km²

  6. Agriculture • many fertile soils • farmers specialize in corn and animal breeding • mostly the corn is used as animal feed (fodder) or to provide the nation with food • viticulture is also common on the banks of the Moselle and the Rhine • Germany is divided into three areas: • the North • the middle part • the South

  7. North, Midlandsand South • The North: • agriculture and cattle farming • Midlands: • viticulture on river banks • animal breeding • corn • forestry • The South: • mostly animal breeding and dairy farming because of less fertile soils and weather conditions

  8. Industries • Industrial production is one of the most important economic sectors ( companies need to work efficiently to offer top-quality products at competitive prices) • Due to global production networks, companies manage to avoid many trade barriers, e.g. taxes on import and export • Important branches of trade: • Car production • Electrical engineering • Chemical industry • mechanical engineering • medical technology • logistics

  9. Industries • The Ruhrgebiet: • well-known old industrial region • coal, iron and steel industry • used to be in a leading position in the coal, iron and steel industries in Europe • dangerous dependence on monostructure of the economy • industries were no longer competitive  Solution: restructuring (e.g. service ind.)

  10. largest resources: • lignite (Sachsen und Brandenburg) • hard coal (Nordrhein-Westfalen) • mineral oil (Thüringen, Niedersachsen) • natural gas (Thüringen, Niedersachsen) • ores in the “Erzgebirge” (Sachsen) Resources • resources can be used in industrial production • ( industrial country) • Other resources: • silver • gold • copper • tin • nickel • lithium

  11. Tourismin Germany Rock am Ring: • Oneofthebiggestmusicfestivals in Germany • Oncea year, lasts 3 days • Nürburgring (Rhineland-Palatinate) • 85.000 musicenthusiasts • artistsfrom all overtheworld • since 1985; futureisleft open Berlin: • Centreofculturaldiversity • famousformusicandart • about143,000 studentsofeverynation • importantplaces: Television tower, • Brandenburg Gate, Bundestag

  12. Tourismin Germany Munich: • Oktoberfest • FC Bayern Munich(Allianz Arena) • University • importantplaces: Frauenkirche, • OlympicStadium (1972) The Alps: • Winter Sports ( skiing, snowboarding ) • Summer Sports (cycling, hiking , climbing) • importantplaces: mountainlakes , Zugspitze • (highestpoint in Germany with 2,962 metres)

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