INSTYTUT METEOROLOGII I GOSPODARKI WODNEJ

1. INSTYTUT METEOROLOGII I GOSPODARKI WODNEJ INSTITUTE OF METEOROLOGY AND WATER MANAGEMENT TITLE: IMGW and COPAL AUTHOR: Michał Ziemiański DATA: 18.01.2008

2. INSTITUTE OF METEOROLOGY AND WATER MANAGEMENT IMGW in general IMGW is a research and development unit established on the basis of the decree No. 338/72 of 30.12.1972, issued by the Council of Ministers. IMGW is the National Hydro-Meteorological Service which operates in support of public sector as well as commercial firms andoffers various services and expertises in the field of meteorology and hydrology.

3. INSTITUTE OF METEOROLOGY AND WATER MANAGEMENT Subject and scope of activity Basic statutory tasks of the Institute include scientific and development activities as well as state services in the following domains: • meteorology • hydrology • oceanology • water management and engineering • water resources quality • wastewater management • sewage utilisation

4. INSTITUTE OF METEOROLOGY AND WATER MANAGEMENT IMGW general tasks • Preparation and dissemination of forecasts and warnings for general public and national • economy protection • Regular measurements and observations with the use of basic and remote measurement networks and systems • Acquisition, archiving and processing of available measurements and observations, including numerical modeling of atmospheric processes • Scientific-research and development in areas ofthe Institute's interests • Forecasting of water resources quality and air pollution • Evaluation of dams technical state and safety estimates

5. „COPAL - aircraft” potential usage by IMGW Centre of Numerical Weather Forecasting, COSMO-PL model, Warsaw 1. Validation of micro physics parametrisation schemes applied for COSMO-PL. * comparison between values of precipitable water obtained from model on chosen levels within the cloudy area with adequate “in situ” measurements (e.g. performed by Lyman Alfa hygrometer or fast-FFSP probes)‏ 2. Nudging of drop-sounding vertical profiles, performed over south-eastern part of Poland within COSMO model for specific synoptic situations. * case study COSMO simulations based on those profiles could answer if there is a real need for establishing additional regular radiosonde station. 3. Field capaigns focused on dynamics of synoptic- and meso-scale weather systems in Central Europe, using drop-sounding vertical profiles, cloud microphysical data, etc.

6. „COPAL - aircraft” potential usage by IMGW Satellite Remote Sensing Centre – Cracow Overshooting Tops (OST) phenomena investigation. OST are a dome-like protrusion that extends above the Cumulonimbus anvil, into the stratosphere which is associated with strong convection and severe weather - storm, lightnings, heavy rain, hail, funnel clouds. For OST monitoring specified output image is defined. It is based on the difference of brightness temperatures between two infra red spectral channels of Geostationary satellite – Meteosat 9 : WV (water vapour) 6,2 um and 10,8 um. Indication of OST is when the difference > 0. Although recognition of OST is quite easy, physical interpretation of this so called Warm Water Vapour Pixel is still under consideration.

7. „COPAL - aircraft” potential usage by IMGW Satellite Remote Sensing Centre – Cracow Data collection ( at least temperature and humidity) both inside and above the cloud, could help for understanding OST processes and point what are necessary conditions for its establishing. The campaign would confirm if the OST really break the tropopause, how deep they are, and the state of the cloud environment in the lower stratosphere. Horizontal leg above the convective cell, before the OST stage, could point if there is any kind of additional triggering, e.g. higher values of water vapour in the lower part of stratosphere which lead to well developed OST stage (besides of very strong dynamics of the cloud and powerful updraft connected with it, which is the standard interpretation of the OST onset). Additional aim of the campaign would be the validation of satellite derived indicators for OST. The whole OST investigation would lead to better monitoring and better warnings of severe weather conditions associated with it.

8. „COPAL – aircraft” potential usage by IMGW Centre of Numerical Weather Forecasting, COSMO-PL model, Warsaw Satellite Remote Sensing Centre, Cracow 1. Validation of satellite derived specific humidity and temperature profiles. * Obtained from MSG (Meteosat Second Generation), used for calculation of GII (Global Instability Index), helpful for severe storm prediction. ** Obtained from NOAA satellites, used as initial conditions within data assimilation scheme for COSMO-PL NWP model. The aim of the campaign - comparison of „in situ” based and via satellite retrieval algorithm derived profiles, localized along the scan line. As the GII product was basically created for American synoptic area, calibration based on collected data, could help to build modified instability indices better suited for local European conditions. 2. Validation of satellite derived soil moisture and snow cover. * Possible to obtain via microwave MSG or METOP (Meteorological Operation satellite) sensors. ** Potentially useful for incorporation to COSMO-PL model initial conditions and for hydrological models. The aim of the campaign - comparison of land emissivity properties near ground level and soil moisture or snow cover characteristics obtained from those measurements with the values derived on satellite based data.

9. „COPAL – aircraft” potential usage by IMGW Centre for pollution transport modelling and monitoring, Katowice 1. Vertical distributions of H-3, Be-7, Na-22, C-14, Cs-137, Pb-210, Rn-222 (Pb­218) measurements. * isotopes mentioned above are considered as good tracers associated with polluted air masses. Airborne measurements of their distributions could give significant input for improvement of air pollution transport models. 2. Investigations of polluted plums from high level sources, with special focus on NOx (for adjustment of gas dispersion parameterisation formulas)‏ * a potential usage of a correlative spectrophotometer COSPEC - its utility for SO2 plum spatial characteristics is well proven and its installation on the “COPAL – aircraft” could be potentially beneficial for atmospheric pollution monitoring and research.

10. „COPAL – aircraft” potential usage by IMGW Centre of Aerology, Legionowo 1. Vertical distribution of aerosols and their micro physical properties - discrimination between natural and anthropogenic aerosols. * airborne “in-situ” measurements as an additional source of data. 2. Distribution and variability of water vapour and ozone concentrations in the troposphere – investigations of the ozone and water vapour relations in the upper troposphere. * vertical distribution of ozone, water vapour and direct OH concentrations from aircraft measurements.

11. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION! CONTACT: Michal.Ziemianski@imgw.pl Michał Ziemiański IMGW 01-673 Warszawa, ul.: Podleśna 61 tel.: +48 22 56 94 000