Means of Egress Fire Protection

1. Means of Egress & Fire Protection

3. Why is Important to Properly Mark Exits & Know The Way Out?

5. Each hazard can be compounded by: Panic and confusion Poor visibility Lack of information and/or Misinformation

6. Subpart E - Means of Egress The 1913 Life Safety Code was used extensively until 1921, when the Building Exits Code became the comprehensive guide to exits In 1966 the code was changed again - from the Building Exits Code to The Code for Safety to Life from Fire in Buildings & Structures (known as the Life Safety Code)The 1913 Life Safety Code was used extensively until 1921, when the Building Exits Code became the comprehensive guide to exits In 1966 the code was changed again - from the Building Exits Code to The Code for Safety to Life from Fire in Buildings & Structures (known as the Life Safety Code)

8. Definitions (1910.35)

9. Definitions (1910.35)

10. Means of Egress:General Requirements (1910.36) This subpart contains general fundamental requirements essential to providing a safe means of egress from fire and like emergencies. These are minimum requirements. They do not apply to exits from vehicles, vessels, or other mobile structures.

11. Means of Egress:General Requirements (1910.36) Fundamental Requirements: All buildings, new and old, intended for human occupancy shall have � exits sufficient for prompt and convenient escape in an emergency exits of a certain design that do not depend solely on any single safeguard structures that do not cause danger to occupants during periods of escape

12. Means of Egress: Fundamental Requirements: All buildings, new and old, shall have: no locks or devices to prevent an exit in an emergency except in specialized facilities (mental, penal, or corrective institutions where attendants are on duty) clearly visible and understandable means to egress doorways and passageways that are clearly marked �Not an Exit� to prevent them from being mistaken for exits

13. Means of Egress: Fundamental Requirements: All buildings, new and old, shall have: adequate and reliable illumination for all exits in every building or structure equipped with artificial illumination fire alarm systems (when a fire may not provide adequate warning to occupants of a building) emergency provisions that shall not cause a hazard under normal occupancy (i.e., enough exits)

14. During Construction & Repair

15. During Maintenance

16. Means of Egress, General (1910.37)

17. Fire Resistance

18. Means of Egress (1910.37) Rules to observe: Level exits are limited to the use of no more than 100 persons; inclined exits - 60 persons The capacity at an exit (means of egress) shall be sufficient for occupant load of a space served Occupant load is the maximum number of persons that may be in a space at any time Exits must be readily accessible at all times

19. Means of Egress (1910.37)

20. Exterior Exit Routes

21. Discharge from Exits Must discharge directly to the street, yard, court, or other open space leading to the street The discharge area (including the street) shall be large enough to accommodate all who leave the building from the exit Stairs and other exits shall be so arranged as to make clear the direction of exit to the street

22. Means of Egress - A Wrap-up

23. Means of Egress - A Wrap-up

24. Emergency & Fire Prevention Plans (1910.38)

25. Alarm System (1910.165)

26. Evacuation

27. Emergency Training Employees must be trained before implementing emergency plans Training for each type of disaster response is necessary (so employees know what to do) Employer shall review emergency plan with each employee when: the plan is developed employee responsibilities or actions change the plan is changed

28. Personal Protection

29. Medical Assistance Employers are required to have: -- personnel trained to render first aid -- eye wash stations (where employees are exposed to corrosive materials) -- the ready availability of medical personnel for advice and consultation on matters of employee health (health care does not need to be provided, but medical help must be available to resolve problems

30. Fire Prevention Plan

31. Fire Prevention Plan

32. Fire Protection - Subpart L 1910.155 - Scope, Application & Definitions 1910.156 - Fire Brigades 1910.157 - Portable Fire Extinguishers 1910.158 - Standpipe & Hose Systems 1910.159 - Automatic Sprinkler Systems 1910.160 - Fixed Extinguishing Systems, General 1910.161-163 (Other types of fixed systems) 1910.164 - Fire Detection Systems 1910.165 - Employee Alarm Systems

33. Fire Protection - Definitions

34. Fire Protection - Definitions

35. Fire Protection - Definitions

36. Fire Protection - Definitions Class D Fire - A fire involving combustible metals such as magnesium, titanium, zirconium, sodium, lithium and potassium. Extinguisher rating - The numerical rating given to an extinguisher which indicates the extinguishing potential of the unit based on standardized tests developed by Underwriters� Laboratories Inc.

37. Fire Brigades - 1910.156 Fire Fighting Equipment: Shall be maintained and inspected at least annually Portable fire extinguishers and respirators shall be inspected at least monthly

38. Portable Fire Extinguishers - 1910.157

39. Portable Fire Extinguishers - 1910.157

40. Portable Fire Extinguishers - 1910.157

41. Portable Fire Extinguishers - 1910.157

42. Automatic Sprinkler Systems - 1910.159 Complete coverage is necessary Equipment and devices must be approved Systems must be properly maintained A main drain flow test must be performed on each system annually The inspector�s test valve shall be opened at least every two years to assure proper system operation New systems shall have proper acceptance tests conducted

43. Automatic Sprinkler Systems - 1910.159 Sprinkler system must provide at least 1 automatic water supply for at least 30 minutes To prevent interference and provide for a maximum protection area, the vertical clearance between sprinklers and material below shall be at least 18 inches

44. Fixed Extinguishing Systems, General - 1910.160 Systems using dry chemical, gaseous agents, water spray and foam are regulated by 1910.161 through 1910.163 Fixed systems must be designed and approved for use on the specific fire hazards they are expected to control If the system becomes inoperable, employer must: Notify employees Take precautions to assure their safety (install temporary system, etc.)

45. Fixed Extinguishing Systems, General - 1910.160 Except where discharge is immediately recognizable, a distinctive alarm or signaling system shall be provided Safeguards must warn employees against entry into hazardous discharge atmospheric areas Hazard warning or caution signs shall be posted at the entrance to, and inside, areas protected by use of agents in hazardous concentrations Systems must be inspected annually by a knowledgeable person

46. Fixed Extinguishing Systems, General - 1910.160 Total Flooding Systems: Emergency action plan for each area required where agent concentrations exceed maximum safe levels (as specified in 1910.162(b)(5) and (b)(6)) Pre-discharge alarm needed for all systems Alarm must be seen above ambient light or noise levels Alarm must give employees time to safely exit from the discharge area prior to discharging

47. Fixed Extinguishing Systems, General - 1910.160 Total Flooding System: Automatic system actuation shall be provided by an approved fire detection device interconnected with the pre-discharge employee alarm system

48. Fire Detection Systems - 1910.164

49. Fire Detection Systems - 1910.164

50. Employee Alarm Systems - 1910.165

51. Employee Alarm Systems - 1910.165

53. Hour 3 Quiz - Answers 1. False. Means of egress must be from any point in a building or structure - not a specific point. 2. C. 3. True. 4. C. 5. C.