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Chapter Eleven

Chapter Eleven. Contraception and Birth Control. Risk and Responsibility. In the United States, half of all pregnancies are unintended Women, men, and birth control: who is responsible? Preventing sexually transmitted diseases. Methods of Contraception and Birth Control.

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Chapter Eleven

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  1. Chapter Eleven Contraception and Birth Control

  2. Risk and Responsibility • In the United States, half of all pregnancies are unintended • Women, men, and birth control: who is responsible? • Preventing sexually transmitted diseases

  3. Methods of Contraception and Birth Control • Birth control - any means of preventing a birth from taking place; includes contraception and abortion • Contraception - the prevention of conception

  4. Choosing a Method • Best method is the one you will use consistently • Theoretical effectiveness • User effectiveness

  5. Sexual Abstinence and Outercourse • Abstinence • Celibacy • Outercourse

  6. Hormonal Methods • The pill - oral contraceptives • Implants - Norplant • Injectable contraceptives - • Depo-provera (DMPA) • Lunelle

  7. Barrier Methods • Condom • Female condom • Diaphragm • Cervical cap • Contraceptive sponge

  8. Spermicides Spermicide - substance toxic to sperm • Bioadhesive gel • Contraceptive foam • Contraceptive film (VCF) • Creams and jellies • Vaginal suppositories

  9. Intrauterine Device (IUD) • Tiny plastic or copper device inserted into uterus • Two currently available in the United States: • ParaGard • Progestasert

  10. Fertility Awareness Methods • Calendar (rhythm) method • Basal body temperature (BBT) method • Cervical mucus method • Symptothermal method

  11. Women: laparoscopy minilaparotomy culpotomy culdoscopy hysterectomy Men: vasectomy Sterilization

  12. Emergency Contraception • Emergency contraceptive pill (ECP) • Copper IUD

  13. Abortion • Mifepristone (RU-486) • Surgical methods: • vacuum aspiration • dilation and evacuation • hysterotomy • Prostaglandins • Saline solutions • Urea

  14. The Abortion Debate • The pro-life argument • The pro-choice argument • Abortion and religion • Constitutional issues

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