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The Home Front

The Home Front. Chapter 9, Section 2. Established July 1917 Coordinated production of war materials Told manufacturers what to produce Allocated raw materials Built new factories. War Industries Board. March 1918 Designed to prevent strikes Pressured industry to: Improve wages

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The Home Front

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  1. The Home Front Chapter 9, Section 2

  2. Established July 1917 Coordinated production of war materials Told manufacturers what to produce Allocated raw materials Built new factories War Industries Board

  3. March 1918 Designed to prevent strikes Pressured industry to: Improve wages Adopt an 8hr work day Allow unions and collective bargaining National War Labor Board

  4. New jobs open • 1million joined • 8million took higher paying jobs • Demonstrated ability to work same jobs as men Minorities Benefit - Women

  5. 30-50 thousands workers moved north • Higher wages • Plentiful work • Northern voting laws cause changes in politics Minorities Benefit – African Americans

  6. Created 11 days after declaring war Designed to sway public opinion to favor the war Heavy use of fear tactics Urge to buy bonds Report draft dodgers Committee on Public Information

  7. Espionage Act (1917) • Sedition Act (1918) • 1000 Convictions • Attacks on German Americans, socialists, and pacifists • “Clear and present danger” Civil Liberties Curtailed

  8. Charles Schenck – Secretary of Socialist Party • Mailed thousands of circulars • Declared the draft unconstitutional • Urged men to resist the draft • Violated Espionage Act Schenck vs United States, 1919

  9. Selective Service as new draft system • Depended on local draft boards • 2.8 million drafted • 2 million men volunteered • Wanted to fight German atrocities • Believed they had a duty to fulfill • Wanted glory of war Building the Military

  10. First war where they officially served • Needed to meet clerical needs • Radio operators, electricians, pharmacists, chemists, and photographers • Army Nursing Corps Women’s Involvement

  11. Faced discrimination despite soldier status • Most kept out of combat • 369th Regiment sent to France • Awarded Croix de Guerre • 191 days in the trenches African American Involvement

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