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UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE ---------

This study examines the population and housing census topics and characteristics in Eastern Europe, Caucasus, and Central Asia countries. It covers socio-demographic, geographic, economic, and migration topics. The study also analyzes compliance with population base definitions and classification criteria.

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UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE ---------

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  1. UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE --------- WORKSHOP ON POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUSES FOR COUNTRIES OF EASTERN EUROPE CAUCASUS AND CENTRAL ASIA GENEVA, 28-29 SEPTEMBER 2015 --------- UNECE STUDY ON NATIONAL PRACTICES IN THE 2010 ROUND IN EECCA COUNTRIES ---------- PART II: CENSUS TOPICS AND CHARACTERISTICS Socio-demographic, geographic, economic and migration topics --------- IAN WHITE

  2. CENSUS TOPICS AND CHARACTERISTICS • The population base • Geographic characteristics • Demographic characteristics • Economic characteristics • Educational characteristics • Disability • Migration • Ethno-cultural characteristics • Agriculture

  3. Population bases in the EECCA region Compliance with the CESR definition of ‘usual residence’ EECCA Rest of UNECE Fully compliant 9 24 (59%) Compliant with EU law 0 14 (34%) Other definition 0 3  (7%)

  4. Population bases in the EECCA region Selected groups included in the usually resident population EECCA Rest of UNECE Homeless and roofless persons 9 38 (93%) Military, naval and diplomatic personnel (and their families) living outside the country 9 28 (68%) Civilian residents who cross a national frontier daily to work 8 35 (85%) Students in tertiary education who study abroad but return home at weekends* 8 32 (78%) Persons living in remote areas 7 27 (66%) Holders of temporary residence permits (and their families) staying for more than 12 months 5 35 (85%) Merchant seaman and fishermen at sea at the time of the census 4 29 (71%) Persons granted refugee status or similar types of protection 4 28 (68%) Nomads and other travelling people 4 20 (49%) Asylum seekers 3 26 (63%) Short-term international migrants* 1 17 (41%) *Recommended to be excluded from the usually resident population

  5. Geographic characteristics in the EECCA region Locality and Urban Areas EECCA Rest of UNECE Locality Data collected 6 33 (82%) Data collected based on CES definition (a),(b) or (c) 3 26 (65%) Data collected based on another definition 2 6 (15%) Definition not specified 11 (2%) Urban areas Data collected 9 36 (90%) Data collected based on CES recommendation 6 29(72%) • Classification by locality 1 20 (50%) • Classification by smallest administrative unit 5 9(22%) Other classification 3 4(10%)

  6. Geographic characteristics in the EECCA region Workplace EECCA Rest of UNECE Definition Data collected 7 39 (95%) Definition of workplace applied* • Definition (a) 3 21(51%) • Definition (b) 4 22(54%) • Definition (c) 216 (39%) Other definition 13 (7%) * Countries were able to report the use of more than one definition. Lowest level of geography Precise address or coordinate 1 14 (33%) Census block 1 1 (2%) 1 km2 square 01 (2%) Local Administrative Unit level 2 (commune) 1 14 (33%) Higher level administrative unit 2 3(7%) Other geographic level 1 7(16%)

  7. Demographic characteristics in the EECCA region Marital status EECCA Rest of UNECE Legal (core topic) Data collected 7 40 (98%) De facto (non-core topic) Data collected 8 37 (90%) By means of * • Specific question 59 (22%) • General question on marital status 65 (12%) • Relationship to reference person 3 17 (41%) Classification compliant with recommendations 8 26(63% * Countries were able to report the use of more than one definition.

  8. Economic characteristics in the EECCA region Activity status EECCA Rest of UNECE Data collected Current activity status 9 37(90%) • Reference period of 1 day 06 (15%) • Reference period of 1 week 8 28 (68%) • Other reference period 13 (7%) Usual activity status 14 (10%) • Reference period of 1 year 1 3(7%) • Other reference period 0 1(2%) Other concept of activity status 1 2(5%) Compliance with recommended classification Compliant 8 26 (63%)

  9. Economic characteristics in the EECCA region Employment status (core topic) EECCA Rest of UNECE Topic included 9 39 (100%) Definition compliant with Recommendations 6 26 (67%) Classification compliant with Recommendations 4 24 (62%) Recommended classification (1.0) Employees (2.0) Employers (3.0) Own-account workers (4.0) Contributing family workers (5.0) Members of producers' co-operatives (6.0) Persons not classifiable by status

  10. Economic characteristics in the EECCA region Occupation and Industry (core topics) EECCA Rest of UNECE Occupation Topic included in the census 7 41 (100%) Definition compliant with Recommendations 7 39 (95%) Classification compliant with • ISCO-08 0 24 (59%) • ISCO-88 6 7(17%) • Some other classification 0 10(24%) Industry Topic included in the census 6 41 (100%) Definition compliant with Recommendations 634 (83%) Classification compliant with • ISIC Rev 4 017 (41%) • ISIC Rev 3.1 3 1 (2%) • Other 1 22 (54%)

  11. Economic characteristics in the EECCA region Other (non-core) topics included in the census EECCA Rest of UNECE Main source of livelihood 8 13 Providers of unpaid services 2 1 Socio-economic group 1 12 Time usually worked 0 14 Type of place of work 0 13 Duration of unemployment 0 9 Number of employees at workplace 0 7 Income 0 6

  12. Educational characteristics in the EECCA region EECCA Rest of UNECE Core topic Educational attainment 8 40 (98%) Non-core topics School attendance 6 27 (66%) Literacy 6 17 (41%) Educational qualifications 3 13 (31%) Field of study 2 17 (41%) Computer literacy 2 7 (17%)

  13. Disability status in the EECCA region EECCA Rest of UNECE Topic included in the census 4 21 (51%) of which: WG short set used • Yes with no changes 1 10 (47%) • Yes with some changes 01 (5%) • No 310 (47%) Coverage within household • All persons 416 (76%) • Minimum age threshold 04 (19%)

  14. Migration characteristics in the EECCA region Country of birth (core topic) EECCA Rest of UNECE Information collected 8 41 (100%) Country of actual birth only 5 19 (46%) Country of residence of mother only 3 15 (37%) Both 0 7 (17%) National boundaries As at census 4 34 (83%) As at birth 2 7 (17%) Other definition 2 0 - Information coded As recommended by UNSD 5 27 (66%) Other classification 3 14 (34%)

  15. Migration characteristics in the EECCA region Country of citizenship (core topic) EECCA Rest of UNECE Information collected 9 40 (100%) Concept of citizenship as defined by CESR 8 38 (95%) Other concept adopted 1 2 (5%) Multiple citizenship collected For all respondents 3 18 (45%) For national citizens only 2 7 (18%) For foreign citizens only 0 1 (2%) Not collected 4 14 (35%) National boundaries As at census 4 34 (83%) As at birth 2 7 (17%) Other definition 2 0 - Information coded Same classification as for country of birth 8 35 (66%) Other classification 1 5 (34%)

  16. Migration characteristics in the EECCA region Ever resided abroad and year of arrival EECCA Rest of UNECE Ever resided abroad (core topic) Information collected 4 35 (85%) of which: Year of arrival 4 34 (97%) Most recent arrival 4 32(91%) • Year and month 3 11 (31%) • Year only 1 21(60%) Year of first arrival 03 (9%) Total duration of residence (non-core topic) Information collected 19 (22%) Country of previous residence (non-core topic) Information collected 6 26(54%)

  17. Migration characteristics in the EECCA region Reason for (international) migration EECCA Rest of UNECE Information collected 5 13 (32%) of which: Employment 4 13 (100%) Education 4 13 (100%) To join family members 3 10 (77%) Refugee (forced migration) 3 6 (46%) Return after emigration 2 2 (15%) Asylum 1 3 (23%) Health/medical 1 2 (15%)

  18. Migration characteristics in the EECCA region Internal migration EECCA Rest of UNECE Extensive mode Information collected on place of usual residence 8 30 (73%) • Arrival date (year only) 4 13 (32%) • Arrival date (year and month) 3 12 (29%) • No arrival date of collected 1 6 (15%) Information not collected1 11 (27%) Reduced mode Information collected on place of usual residence: 8 32 (78%) • 1 year before census 4 29 (71%) • 5 years before census 1 9 (22%) • 10 years before census 1 4 (10%) • Some other period prior to census 2 4 (10%) Information not collected1 9 (22%

  19. Ethno-cultural characteristics in the EECCA region Ethnicity EECCA Rest of UNECE Information collected 8 23 (56%) of which: Concept agreed with CESR 7 17 (74%) Different concept 1 6 (26%) Information on ethnicity only 0 12 (52%) Information on nationality only 3 3 (13%) Combination of both 5 8 (35%) Open-ended question with no pre-defined responses 4 7 (30%) Both pre-defined and write-in responses 3 14 (61%) Pre-defined responses only 1 1 (4%) Other format 0 1 (4%) Voluntary 7 18 (78%) Mandatory 1 5 (22%)

  20. Ethno-cultural characteristics in the EECCA region Religion EECCA Rest of UNECE Information collected 4 24 (59%) of which: Identification with a particular religion, religious community or denomination 2 15 (63%) Religious belief 1 9 (38%) Formal membership of a church or religious community 0 4 (17%) Religion in which the person was brought up 1 3 (12%) Religious attendance 0 1 (4%) Other type of affiliation 0 3 (12%) Open-ended with no pre-defined responses 0 6 (25%) Both pre-defined and write-in responses 3 14 (58%) Pre-defined responses only 1 2 (8%) Other format 0 2 (8%) Voluntary 4 20 (83%) Mandatory 0 4 (17%)

  21. Ethno-cultural characteristics in the EECCA region Language EECCA Rest of UNECE Information collected 9 26(63%) of which: Mother tongue 9 14 (54%) Main language 3 8 (31%) Language(s) most often spoken: • at home 6 14(54%) • at work 0 3 (18%) Knowledge of/ability in one or more other languages 68 (31%) Knowledge of/ability in official language 3 3 (18%)Use of sign language 1 3 (18%)

  22. Agricultural characteristics in the EECCA region Information collected EECCA Rest of UNECE At the household level 3 7 (17%) At the individual person level 0 4 (10%) No information collected 6 30 (73%)

  23. DISCUSSION

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