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GCSE History Paper 2 – Revision.

GCSE History Paper 2 – Revision. Votes for Women Liberal Reforms The Home Front WWI. Votes for Women. What were the arguments against votes for women? What were the arguments for votes for women? Who were the Suffragists and how did they campaign? (Leader? Set up? Action?)

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GCSE History Paper 2 – Revision.

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  1. GCSE HistoryPaper 2 – Revision. Votes for Women Liberal Reforms The Home Front WWI

  2. Votes for Women • What were the arguments against votes for women? • What were the arguments for votes for women? • Who were the Suffragists and how did they campaign? (Leader? Set up? Action?) • Who were the Suffragettes and how did they campaign? (Leader? Set up? Action?) • What work did women do during the war? • Why did some women get the vote in 1918?

  3. The Liberal Reforms • What was it like to be poor in 1900? • Why did the Liberals introduce welfare reforms? • What reforms did the Liberals introduce that affected Children? • What reforms did the Liberals introduce that affected the Elderly? • What reforms did the Liberals introduce that affected the Unemployed? • What reforms did the Liberals introduce that affected workers? • How effective were the Liberal Reforms? (Successes and weaknesses)

  4. The Home Front. • What did the Government do that affected civilians during WWI? (DORA, Recruitment, Munitions, Rationing) • How effective was Government propaganda? (Types of propaganda, messages etc..) • How did Life Change for Civilians 1914-1918? • How did women contribute to the war effort? • What did the British public think about Germany by 1918?

  5. Votes for Women – Answers: • Different spheres of influence; irrational; emotional; didn’t fight in Wars; should be looking after families etc. • Women were becoming doctors, lawyers etc.; they could vote in local Gov. elections; they should be able to decide on matters affecting the home/education/health. • Millicent Fawcett established the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies (NUWSS) in 1897. It used peaceful means to demonstrate e.g. petitions to parliament; mass demonstrations; newspaper articles etc.

  6. Votes for Women – Answers: 4. Founded in 1903, the WSPU (suffragettes) was set up by Emmeline Pankhurst and used militant tactics (demonstrations, stone-throwing, arson, window-smashing, hunger-strikes) drawing attention in the public eye. 5. Women stopped the Campaign for votes when war broke out. They worked in munitions factories (the canaries); drove buses and ambulances; became nurses, were even on the front line; worked the land (land army) and helped keep Britian running at home. 6. 3 clear paragraphs needed – impact of suffragists, impact of suffragettes, impact of war.

  7. The Liberal Reforms – Answers. • To be poor in 1900 was very hard. Many lived just above the poverty line and often dipped under it, during childhood, illness, death of a breadwinner or in old age. Cyclical employment was a problem and the workhouse was a place of fear. If you didn’t work, you didn’t eat. • The work of social reformers: Rowntree, Booth and Gant; the Boer War; examples in Germany; Political coalition. 3. Children - In 1906 local authorities could provide free school meals. The 1908 Children and Young Persons Act (the Children’s Charter) introduced a set of rules that imposed severe punishments for neglecting or treating children cruelly. Separate juvenile courts were set up, which sent children convicted of a crime to borstals, instead of prison.

  8. The Liberal Reforms – Answers. 4. Elderly -In 1908 pensions were introduced for the over 70s, which gave them 5s a week, or 7s 6d to a married couple. 5. Unemployed - In 1909 labour exchanges were set up to help unemployed people find work. 6. Workers - The 1911 National Insurance Act was passed. Part 1 of the act gave people the right to free medical treatment, and sick pay of 10s a week for 26 weeks in return for a payment of 4d a week. Part 2 of the Act gave people the right to unemployment pay (dole) of 7s 6d a week for 15 weeks in return for a payment of 2½d a week. Employers, the Gov. and workers all paid in.

  9. The Liberal Reforms – Answers. 7. Successes – first ever welfare legislation to help the most vulnerable in society. But there were limitations. Not all legislation was compulsory.

  10. The Home Front - Answers 1. The Defence of the Realm Act was introduced in 1914 to give power to the Government to take over land, factories and homes if needed for the war effort. It could also censor the press. They introduced conscription in 1916 (first to unmarried 18-41 men and later to married men and finally raised the age to 51). Rationing was introduced in Feb 1918. The Munitions War Act introduced in 1915 allowed the Government greater control over munitions factories and allowed them to introduce women workers.

  11. The Home Front - Answers 2. Government propaganda used posters, cinema, the press and news reels to give only a positive image of the war and to keep morale high. It wanted to: To recruit volunteers; To keep the appetite for war going at home; To instil hatred of the enemy; To encourage civilians to work hard. It was generally very effective. 3. Life changed drastically: working classes got jobs; upper classes lost servants. Rationing affected everyone. 4. For women’s war work – see votes for women section 5. Obviously the British public had an intense hatred of the Germans at the end of the war and wanted to ‘Make them pay!’

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