Name That Pesticide

1. Name That Pesticide How to Identify the Products Your Patients Are Exposed To

2. The nomenclature of pesticides is similar to medications in that they have…. • A brand/trade or product name: e.g. Motrin • A generic name (common name or active ingredient): ibuprofen • A chemical family: e.g. NSAID Likewise one needs to know the chemical family and more specifically the common name to understand the health effect of an exposure and how to treatment a poisoning.

3. What the Patient Will Know ? NOT the common or chemical familyname. More likely they can identify: • BRAND name • TYPE of pesticide (insecticide, herbicide, fungicide, fumigant) • CROP to which the pesticide was being applied.

4. Pesticide Product Label • The label is the agriculture world = the package insert for the medical world • The label is the LAW and dictates: • Use • Required personal protective equipment • The label on the bottle or package provides basic information

5. Information Sources on Pesticides • Ingredient statement • EPA registration number • Establishment number • Formulation • Signal word • Statement of practical treatment (first aid) • Personal protective equipment (PPE) handlers • Environmental hazards • Directions for use • Hazards to humans • Storage and disposal directions • Chemical product identification • Physical and chemical properties • Fire and explosion hazards • Toxicological information / Human health data • Regulatory levels and classifications • Personal protection recommendations (concentrate only) • Emergency and first aid procedures • Ecological or environmental hazards • Spills, fires, and accident procedures • Storage and disposal directions Label MSDS

6. Sample Package Labels • Type of pesticide • Company name • Brand/trade/product name • Common/generic name (sometimes the same as the active ingredients) • Chemical family • Signal word (hazard level)

7. Brand Name“SUPRACIDE” Type “Insecticide” Hazard Level“Danger/poison”Poison Icon Common Name“Methadithion” Chemical Family“Organophosphate” Antidote“Atropine” ManufacturerGowan

8. Class ExerciseDistribute Sample Pesticide Product Labels • Temik • Sevin • Thiodan • Guthion • Dursban • Gramoxone • Weed Rhap • Asana • Captan • Roundup • Dithane • Ziram

9. Class Exercise • Find the following items on the label • Company/Manufacturer’s name • Brand/Product/Trade name • Common name (generic – active ingredient) • Type: use in agriculture • Chemical family • Signal word (hazard level) • Fill in the pesticide classification table (hand out)

10. Pesticide Classification Table

11. Exercise: Classifying Pesticides Pesticide Labels * Bayer Temik Aldicarb Insecticide Carbamate Danger-poison la Verdicon Sevin Carbaryl Insecticide Carbamate Caution ll UCP Alliance Thiodan Endosulfan Insecticide Organochlorine Warning ll Bayer Guthion Azinophos methyl Insecticide Organophospate Danger-poison lb Dow Dursban Chlorpyrifos Insecticide Warning ll Organophospate Syngenta Gramoxone Paraquat Herbicide Paraquat Danger-poison ll Helena Weed Rhap 2, 4-D Herbicide Chlorophenoxy Danger-poison ll DuPont Asana Esfenverlate Insecticide Pyrethroid Warning lV Bayer Captan Captan Fungicide Danger-poison II Max Roundup Glyphosate Herbicide Caution U-IV Fungicide Mancozeb Dow U-IV Caution Dithane Cerexagri-Nisso III Ziram Fungicide Ziram Danger * WHO – World Health Organization International Classification

12. Company Name • May be useful in looking up a product • Workers may confuse this name with the brand, product or trade name. • Some companies also produce pharmaceuticals.

13. Brand/Trade/Product Name • Agricultural workers know pesticides primarily through the brand name • Companies will keep brand names but CHANGE the active ingredients (e.g. Raid) • Can use brand name as a search term

14. Common Name • Critical identifier of the chemical • Some databases only allow you to search by common name. • Basis of treatment!

15. Types of Pesticides Disinfectants Fumigants Kill rodents with anticoagulants Control pests by attacking their nervous system Antibiotics for plants Corrosive weed killers

16. Pesticide Chemical Families-grouping based on similarities- • Similar chemically (similar structure) • Attacks pests in a similar way (toxicity) • Common treatment + antidote Pyrethroid insecticides Organophosphate insecticides Carbamate insecticides Paraquat Diquat herbicides Organochlorine insecticides Chlorophenoxy Herbicides

17. How Toxic Is It? Source: Richards, Kerry Penn State University Extension Service

18. Source: Richards, Kerry Penn State University Extension Service

19. LD50 Lethal dose = Amount of chemical it takes to kill 50% of an experimental population

20. Source: Richards, Kerry Penn State University Extension Service

21. WHO International Standard US Standard * DANGER/POISON = extremely toxic by ingestion DANGER = extremely toxic high potential for skin and eye irritation * Adapted from Richards, Kerry Penn State University Extension Service

22. Source: Richards, Kerry Penn State University Extension Service

23. A patient comes into your office after spilling the weed killer – Direx - on himself. He is having some vague non specific problems. How will you identify what kind of adverse heath effects he may experience? Sample Case

24. Pesticide Identification Resources • Poison Control (800) 222-1222 (TDD) 1(800) 572-0638 • Google “Direx” • Pesticide Websites: • PAN http://www.pesticideinfo.org/ • CDMS http://www.cdms.net/LabelsMsds/LMDefault.aspx • NPIC http://npic.orst.edu/npicfact.htm

25. Practice: Using these resources for Diurex™find • The common name • The chemical family • Health effects • Recommended decontamination • Recommended PPE Describe the attributes of each resource used including advantages and disadvantages