Topic 7 Social Psychology Pro-social Behaviour

1. Topic 7 Social Psychology Pro-social Behaviour

2. Prosocial Behavior • Altruism …an unselfish interest in helping someone else • Egoism …helping others for personal enhancement (e.g., to ensure reciprocity)

3. Prosocial Behavior • Explanations of Altruism • evolutionary • psychological factors • mood • empathy • sociocultural factors • market economies • investment in established religion • gender

4. Prosocial Behavior • The Bystander Effect • Darley and Latané (1968) • individuals are less likely to help in an emergency when others are present • diffusion of responsibility • Media Influence

5. Aggression • Biological Influences • evolutionary views • genetic basis • neurobiological factors • limbic system and frontal lobes of brain • low levels of serotonin • testosterone

6. Intergroup Relations • Group Identity -us versus them • Social Identity - define ourselves in terms of group membership • Social Identity Theory - in-groups versus out-groups • Ethnocentrism - favoring one’s own group over other groups

7. Social Identity

8. Topic 5 Interpersonal Attraction And Close Relationship

9. Sherif’s Robbers Cave Study

10. Close Relationships Attraction • proximity - mere exposure effect - promise of acquaintanceship • we like those who like us • similarity - consensual validation

11. Close Relationships: Love Romantic Love • passionate love • sexuality and infatuation Affectionate Love • companionate love • deep caring affection

12. Close Relationships: Love Social Exchange Theory • fair exchange of “goods” • minimize costs, maximize benefits Investment Model • factors in stability of relationship - commitment to partner - investment in relationship - lack of attractive alternatives

13. Social Psychology and Health and Wellness Social Ties and Health • isolation and mortality • social support and coping Fighting Loneliness • join activities with others • act pleasant • get help

14. Chapter Summary Describe the influences on people’s perceptions and attributions of others. Identify how people are influenced in social settings. Discuss inter-group relations. Explain the nature of close relationships. Describe social processes affecting health and wellness.

15. Chapter Summary Social Psychology • study of how we think about, influence, and relate to other people Social Cognition • person perception • attribution and the fundamental attribution error • heuristics • self-esteem • attitudes – cognitive dissonance/self perception

16. Chapter Summary Persuasion Prosocial Behavior • altruism • bystander effect • media influence Aggression • biological influences • psychological influences • sociocultural influences

17. Chapter Summary Social Influence • conformity – Asch’s study • obedience – Milgram’s study • group influence -deindividuation, social contagion, group performance - group decision making Intergroup Relations • social identity • prejudice and stereotyping

18. Chapter Summary Close Relationships • attraction – proximity and similarity • romantic (passionate) love • affectionate (companionate) love • social exchange theory and investment model Social Psychology and Health and Wellness • social ties and health