Power Electronics: Control and Conversion of Electric Power

1.INTRODUCTION • DEMAND – control of electric power for electric motor drive systems and industrial controls – development – to obtain a variable dc voltage for the control of dc motor drives. • Revolution – concept of power control – for power conversion and control of electrical motor drives. • Power Electronics combine power, electronics and control.

Power – static and rotating power equipment– for generation, transmission and distribution of electrical energy. • Electronics – solid-state devices and circuits for signal processing to meet the desired control objectives. • Control – steady-state and dynamic characteristics of closed-loop systems. • Power Electronics may be defined as the applications of solid-state electronics for the control and conversion of electric power. • Primarily =>switching of the power semiconductor devices – development=> switching speed.

Development – microprocessors and microcomputer technology – great impact on the control and synthesizing the control strategy. • Modern power electronics equipment uses (1)power semiconductors- as the muscle, (2)microelectronics- as power and intelligence of a brain. • History began with introduction of mercury arc rectifier in 1900 – devices applied till 1950- first revolution in 1948- second revolution in 1958.

Classification of the power semiconductors are made of either silicon or silicon carbide. • Silicon carbide are under development, so prior to Silicon. • The devices can be divided broadly into three types: (1) power diodes, (2)transistors and (3)thyristors. • These can be divided broadly into five types: (1) power diodes, (2) thyristors (3) power bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), (4) power metal oxide semicondustor field-effect transistors ( MOSFETs) and (5) insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) and static induction transistors (SITs).

2.1 Power Diodes • Two terminal device => anode , cathode. • Three types=> general purpose, high speed (or fast recovery) and Schottky. • General-purpose diode =>Available upto 6000V,4500A. • fast-recovery diode =>can go upto 6000V,1100A. • Schottky diode =>have low on-state voltage .

Power diodes play a significant role in power electronics circuits for conversion of electric power. • A diode acts as a switch to perform various functions => switches in rectifiers, freewheeling in switching regulators, charge reversal of capacitor and energy transfer between components, etc….

Power Electronics: Control and Conversion of Electric Power

Power Electronics: Control and Conversion of Electric Power

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