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S.MORRIS 2006

ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT CALCULATIONS. S.MORRIS 2006. More free powerpoints at www.worldofteaching.com. Basic Formula. Almost all calculations in circuits use Ohm’s Law V=IR Each circuit type has additional formulas dependent on what happens to voltage and current in the circuit. SERIES CIRCUITS.

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S.MORRIS 2006

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  1. ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT CALCULATIONS S.MORRIS 2006 More free powerpoints at www.worldofteaching.com

  2. Basic Formula • Almost all calculations in circuits use Ohm’s Law • V=IR • Each circuit type has additional formulas dependent on what happens to voltage and current in the circuit

  3. SERIES CIRCUITS A series circuit has only one path This means that the current is the same throughout the circuit It = I1 = I2 = I3 Because current is the same, voltage at each load depends on the resistance of the load. V1 = It * R1 Vt = V1 + V2 + V3 and Rt = R1 + R2 + R3

  4. V3 V2 Do the Math!! Light bulb 1 has .5 ohms of resistance Light bulb 2 has .9 ohms of resistance Light bulb 3 has .6 ohms of resistance Find V1, V2, V3, Vt, It, and Rt ? A1 ? 4A V1 A2 It = I1 = I2 = 4A Rt = .5 ohms + .9 ohms + .6 ohms Rt = 2 ohms V1 = 4 amps * .5 ohms = 2 volts V2 = 4 amps * .9 ohms = 3.6 volt V3 = 4 amps * .6 ohms = 2.4 volts Vt = 2 V + 3.6 V + 2.4 V = 8 V

  5. PARALLEL CIRCUITS A parallel circuit has multiple paths Current gets split, and voltage stays the same throughout Vt = V1 = V2 = V3 Because voltage is the same, current at each load depends on the resistance of the load. I1 = Vt / R1 It = I1 + I2 + I3

  6. PARALLEL CIRCUITS Because a parallel circuit has multiple paths, the resistance does not add up, instead it is split (but not the same as current) The formula for total resistance is: 1/Rt = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3

  7. 6V It V2 I2 V1 I1 Do the Math!! Light bulb 1 has 1 ohms of resistance Light bulb 2 has 4 ohms of resistance Find V1, V2, I1, I2, It, and Rt Vt = V1 = V2 = 6 V I1 = 6 volts / 1 ohms = 6 amps I2 = 6 volts / 4 ohms = 1.5 amps It = 6 amps + 1.5 amps = 7.5 amps 1/Rt = 1/1 ohms + 1/4 ohms 1/Rt = 1 ohm + .25 ohms 1/Rt = 1.25 ohms 1/1.25 = Rt .8 ohms = Rt

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