Nomenclature writing chemical formulas naming chemical compounds

1. Nomenclaturewriting chemical formulasnaming chemical compounds • Chapter 5 potassium chromate potassium dichromate

2. Sodium and Chlorine • Na Cl • Na+ Cl- • NaCl • Sodium Chloride • Cation 1st: name of element • Anion 2nd: root and add -ide • When combined together • Metals lose e- (+ ion = cation) • Nonmetals gain e- (- ion = anion) • Ionic Compounds (Type I Binary Ionic)

3. Magnesium and Fluorine • Mg F • Mg2+ F- • MgF2 • The number of electrons lost must equal the number of electrons gained • The total + and - charge must add to 0 Magnesium Fluoride

4. Aluminum and Oxygen • Al O • Al3+ O2- • Al2O3 • Aluminum Oxide • The number of electrons lost must equal the number of electrons gained • Overall charge = 0

5. Write the chemical formula for strontium sulfide • SrS • You might have criss-crossed to Sr2S2 but then you must reduce it to the lowest whole number ratio. • remember always write ionic formula in lowest whole number ratio

6. Write the chemical formula for potassium nitride • K3N • K+1N-3

7. The Periodic Table

8. Write the chemical formula for gallium oxide • Ga+3O-2 Ga2O3

9. Write the chemical formula for potassium sulfide • K+1S-2 K2S

10. Write the chemical name for CaBr2 • Remember: • the metal (cation is 1st) • the nonmetal (anion is 2nd : root and -ide) • Calcium Bromide

11. Chemical formula for copper fluoride • Oxidation states for Copper: • 1+: Cu(I) • 2+: Cu(II) • Know F- • The number of electrons lost = the number of electrons gained • Overall charge = 0 • so use Cu+ or Cu(I) • CuF • Roman Numerals refresh • 1: I • 2: II • 3: III • 4: IV • 5: V • 6: VI • 7: VII

12. Chemical formula for copper(II) fluoride • Copper: F- • 1+: Cu(I) • 2+: Cu(II) • CuF2 • Roman numeral tells you the charge on copper • Cu(II) = Cu2+

13. Write the chemical formula for zinc chloride • ZnCl2 • Remember that zinc is one of the transition metals that does not require a Roman #, since it’s oxidation state is always +2.

14. Write the chemical formula for chromium (VI) sulfide • The Roman # tells you the +6 charge on the chromium metal • Cr+6S-2 • You might have criss-crossed to Cr2S6 but then you must reduce it to the lowest whole number ratio. • CrS3

15. Write the name for Fe2O3 • you can un-criss-cross • or you can determine the charge on iron by working from the charge on the anion • iron(III) oxide

16. Write the name for Ag2S • No need for a Roman # since silver is always +1 (memorize along with Zn and Cd) Silver sulfide

17. Write the name for Cu2O • You can “un-criss-cross” • or you can work into the cation by knowing that the anion is -2 • The total + and - charge must add to 0 • this means that electrons lost = electrons gained • the Roman # = the individual oxidation state of one of the metal ions (not the total metal charge) • Copper (I) oxide

18. Write the name for CrP2 • you can’t just un-criss-cross because this is a formula which has been reduced. • work off the non-metal’s charge • remember the total + must equal - that means the e- lost = e- gained chromium (VI) phosphide

19. Roadmap for Naming Binary Compounds