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Drugs for Hypertension

Drugs for Hypertension. Adrenergic Agents. Angiotensin II receptor blockers. Adrenergic Agents. Centrally Acting Act on Alph2 receptors of SNS  decreased sympathetic outflow  lowered BP Drugs : ????? One of these works best on african americans clonidine [Catapres]

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Drugs for Hypertension

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  1. Drugs for Hypertension Adrenergic Agents Angiotensin II receptor blockers

  2. Adrenergic Agents • Centrally Acting • Act on Alph2 receptors of SNS  decreased sympathetic outflow  lowered BP • Drugs: ????? One of these works best on africanamericans • clonidine[Catapres] • methyldopa [Aldomet] • guanfacine[Tenex]

  3. Adrenergic Agents • Peripherally acting • Interfere with norepi  loss of peripheral sympathetic tone  dec BP • Drugs • reserpine [Serpasil] (archaic, but cheap)

  4. Adrenergic Agents • Alpha blockers • Block alpha1 receptors from epi and norepistimulation dec BP • Also used for Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy • Drugs • prazosin[Minipress] • terazosin[Hytrin] • labetalol [Regitine] – mixed alpha and beta

  5. Adrenergic Agents • Ganglionic blocking agents • Interfere with transmission through ganglia  vasodilation  dec BP • Drugs • mecamylamine[Inversine] (long acting)

  6. Adrenergic Agents • SE • Dry mouth • Drowsiness, sedation, sleep disturbances • HA • Constipation, nausea • Rash • Palpitations, orthostatic hypotension • depression

  7. Angiotensin II receptor blockers-sartan • ARBs • Antagonize angiotensin II receptor  block action of angiotensin II • Don’t work well w/ blacks • Not for 2 or 3 trimester • SE • Dizziness, HA, fatigue • Drugs: • Losartan [Cozaar] • Valsartan [Diovan] • Irbesartan [Avapro] • Candesartan [Atacand]

  8. Vasodilators • Act on smooth muscle of vessels. • Used for hypertension and hypertensive emergencies • Drugs (one of these is rogaine) • Diazoxideunknown action • Hydralazinedialates arterioles • Minoxidilstops Calcium from getting into blood vessel wall • Nitroprussideforms NO (potent Vasodilator)

  9. Vasodilators • SE • HA, dizziness, anxiety, tachycardia, N/V/D • Diazoxide – dysrhythmias, hyperglycemia • Hydralazine – edema, dyspnea, blood dyscrasias, hepatitis • Minoxidil – T-wave changes, pericardial effusion, angina, breast tenderness • Nitroprusside – bradycardia, dec plt aggregation, possible cyanide toxicity

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