Extending KobrA methodology to support human-centered design

1. Extending KobrA methodology to support human-centered design Jairson Vitorino jv@cin.ufpe.br Centro de Informática - UFPE

2. Contents • Human Computer Interface Design • Human centered-design process • KobrA Method overview • KobrA Process and KobrA Artifacts • Extending KobrA to provide HCD features • Proposed experiments • Conclusions • Future Works

3. Human Computer Interface Design • Most software engineering methods do not include HCD guidelines • HCD provides: • Good user interface design • Usability and productivity

4. Human-centered design process

5. Planning Usability planning and scoping; usability cost-benefit analysis Context of use Identify stakeholders; context of use analysis; survey of existing users; field study/user observation; diary keeping; task analysis Requirements Stakeholder analysis; user cost-benefit analysis; user requirements interview; focus groups; scenarios of use; existing system/ competitor analysis; task/function mapping; user, usability and organizational requirements Design Brainstorming; parallel design; design guidelines and standards; storyboarding; software prototyping; organizational prototyping Evaluation Participatory evaluation; assisted evaluation; heuristic or expert evaluation; controlled user testing; satisfaction questionnaires; assessing cognitive workload; critical incidents; post-experience interviews Human-centered design processphases

6. KobrA method overview • KobrA – Komponentenbasierte Anwendungsentwicklung • Developed at Fraunhofer IESE • Integrates • Component based development (CBD) • Model-driven architecture (MDA) • Product-line approach

7. KobrA process Komponents creation applied on a recursive fashion

8. KobrA artifacts

9. Extending KobrA to provide HCD features • Approaches have common features • HCD mapping into KobrA method • Three initial HCD phases map into KobrA context realization • Fourth HCD phase map into KobrA Komponent realization • Last HCD phase maps iton KobrA Komponent specification

10. HCD KobrA Planning Context Realization: Usability planning and scoping; usability cost-benefit analysis Context of use Context Realization: Context of use Analysis; survey of existing users; field study/user observation OR Task analysis Requirements Context Realization: Focus groups; existing system/ competitor analysis; task/function mapping; user, usability and organizational requirements Design Komponent Realization: Brainstorming; design guidelines and standards; storyboarding; software prototyping Evaluation Komponent Implementation: Participatory Evaluation; assisted evaluation; heuristic or expert evaluation; controlled user testing; satisfaction questionnaires

11. Proposed Experiments • Goal: validate Kobra enhanced version via a controlled experiment • two software development teams will be assigned to develop two identical modules of a system • Case study comparison: pure KobrA approach X human-centered design enhanced KobrA version • Evaluate time elapsed • Field survey with users to measure system usability

12. Conclusions • Proposal • Integrate software development methods with a human-centered design process • KobrA and HCD • approaches are complementary • Trade-off between cost and quality • Consider number of users and profile • Better user experience keep a software product market share

13. Future work • In software Engineering: Investigate Object Constraint Language (OCL) to map it into constraint logic programs • Applications: component certification, consistency checking, component assertion, component testing.

14. Extending KobrA methodology to support human-centered design Jairson Vitorino jv@cin.ufpe.br Centro de Informática - UFPE