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Introducing 380 cSt HVFO

Introducing 380 cSt HVFO. Fuel Specifications. Economics. 380 cSt : Rs 15309.83/MT 180 cSt : Rs 15864.83/MT Gain = Rs 555/MT Specific Heat =0.450 Kcal/Kg deg C For Max 25 deg C = 0.450X25X1000 860 X0.9 = 15 Units

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Introducing 380 cSt HVFO

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  1. Introducing 380 cStHVFO

  2. Fuel Specifications

  3. Economics • 380 cSt : Rs 15309.83/MT • 180 cSt : Rs 15864.83/MT Gain = Rs 555/MT Specific Heat =0.450 Kcal/Kg deg C For Max 25 deg C =0.450X25X1000 860 X0.9 = 15 Units Loss = Rs 45/- per MT Net Gain =Rs 510 per MT

  4. D G Set • Type of Engine : 12V48/60 • Engine Output/Capacity :11.81 MW • Make :Man B&W,Germany • RPM:500 • No of Cylinders :12 • Cylinder Bore :48 cm • Stroke :60 cm

  5. Tank Farm for D G Set • MST : 850 KL( Out Going 55 deg C/Return Line 85 deg C),Water & Sludge drainage ?? • Day Tank :100 KL (120 deg C,Steam heated) • Electrical Heaters available • More Heat may be generated from WHR Boiler

  6. Tank Farm for Boilers • MST :500 KL (60 deg C) • Day Tank :10 KL (85 to 90 deg C) • 12 KW Electrical heating

  7. Gas Naphta Reforming AD Gasolines Kerosene Diesel oils Heavy fuels SR 1 FCC Gasolines VD Gasolines Kero,Diesel Hydrocr. Visbreak. Heavy fuels 2 H2, no Heavy Fuels DA Coking 4 Asphalts Heavy fuels 3 REFINERY

  8. ARABIAN HEAVY ARABIAN LIGHT NIGERIAN BONNY Viscosity,20°C % asphaltenes Gasoline (C5-80°) Heavy gasoline (80-160°) Kerosene (160-250°) Middle distillate (250-300°) Heavy distillate (300-400°) Residue (400 +) 35.8 5.8 4.09 9.05 12.58 14.12 7.51 50.42 10.2 0.93 5.56 12.02 15.5 17.19 8.72 38.71 11.2 0.08 5.06 15.0 9.32 25.2 44.6 FRACTIONS FROM 3 DIFFERENT CRUDES

  9. Arabian light Arabian heavy Ekofisk Nigeria light Basrah heavy Boscan Ural Viscosity,20 °C,cSt Sulfur,% Vanadium, ppm Nickel, ppm Asphaltenes, % Conradson carbon,% 9.2 1.8 15 5 0.7 5.1 40 2.8 30 10 2.7 10 0.12 < 1 1.4 0.88 6.7 0.11 2 6 0.08 0.86 57 3.58 54 22 8.3 250000 5.2 1200 100 10.8 16.4 12.5 1.8 65 20 2.7 CHARACTERISTICS OF SOME CRUDE OILS

  10. LCO FCC ATMOSPHERIC DISTILLATION UNIT CRUDE OIL HCO VACUUM DISTILLATION UNIT VISBREAKER RESIDUE

  11. Simple Refinery with Atmospheric Distillation Atmospheric Residue +Gasoil Fraction Complex Refinery with Catalytic Cracking & Visbreaking Visbroken Residue + HCO + LCO The making of 380 cSt

  12. An Insight into 380 cSt

  13. Viscosity 380 cSt • VISCOSITY - DETERMINES INJECTION AND TRANSFER TEMPERATURES • NEED TO IDENTIFY IF THERE IS A NEED FOR NEW INJECTION TEMPERATURE • TYPE OF UTILITY ( FURNACE/BOILER/D.G) • OPTIMIMU VISCOSITY AT BURNER

  14. DECIDE THE INJECTION TEMPERATURES………… FUEL INJ VISC INJ VISC 13 CST 17 CST 120 100 91 160 112 104 170 115 107 180 119 109 200 121 111 220 123 113 240 125 116 260 128 118 280 129 119 300 130 120 320 131 121 340 132 122 360 133 123 380 134 124

  15. THERE IS A NEED TO IDENTIFY TRANSFER TEMPERATURES IF ………………. • Fuel Oil is cleaned with purifiers /Clarifiers • Transfer temperature of 98 deg C • Gravity Disc • Flow rate -Automatically induced cleaning intervals ,review cleaning intervals

  16. Transportation • The regular tankers with PTO pump & (heating facility in winters)??

  17. STORAGE • Storage tank :380 cSt may be stored in the current FO tanks.The storage temperature should be above 10 deg C • Settling tank :Heavy Fuel Cleaning operations starts with settling of the product in tank at elevated temperatures(Around 80 deg C).Longer the settling period & More Number of Settling tanks the better • Removal of water & sludge from the settling tank prior to transfer

  18. RESIDUE OR HEAVY FUEL OIL MALTENES "OIL" SATURATED AROMATIC CHEMICAL COMPOSITION ASPHALTENES "RESINS"

  19. CH3 CH3 CH3 CH2 CH3 CH3 CH2 CH2 CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH CH3 CH2 CH2 CH3 CH2 CH2 CH CH2 S CH2 CH2 S CH2 S CH3 CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3 CH CH3 N CH2 CH3 CH3 CH2 CH2 CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH S CH2 CH2 MODEL OF ASPHALTENE MOLECULE CH3 O CH2 CH3 CH3 CH2 S CH3 CH2 CH3 CH3

  20. FLOCULATED DISPERSED AND STABLE HEAVY FUEL OILS Resins ensure seperation of heavy asphaltene molecules. Flocculated Asphaltene molecules tend to form sludge and settle at the bottom of the tank.

  21. COMBUSTION MECHANISM Atomisation Vaporization Viscosity Distillate cuts Ignition C/H Ratio Combustion Distillate cuts Density Metals Conradson Carbon

  22. Simple droplet combustion model EMISSIONS OF PARTICLES SOOT 0.02 m FUEL DROPLET CENOSPHERE 1 to 100 m UNBURNT PARTICLES FLAME FRONT LIGHT GASEOUS FRACTIONS SOLID ACCUMULATION

  23. ALL OTHER PARAMETERS REMAIN IN THE NORMAL RANGE • CARBON RESIDUE - HIGH VALUES MAY GIVE DEPOSIT PROBLEMS • ASH - IF EXCESSIVE CAN GIVE FOULING DEPOSITS • VANADIUM AND SODIUM - POTENTIAL HIGH TEMPERATURE CORROSION CAN BE MINIMISED BY TEMPERATURE CONTROL AND MATERIALS SELECTION • ALUMINIUM AND SILICON - USUALLY PRESENT AS CATALYST FINES WHICH ARE ABRASIVE, CAN NORMALLY BE REDUCED TO AN ACCEPTABLE LEVEL BY A CENTRIFUGE • SULPHUR-SULPHUR OXIDES & TBN OF OIL • SEDIMENT & STABILITY - FUEL IS STABLE IF IT DOES NOT • BREAK DOWN GIVING HEAVY SEDIMENT

  24. TEST SIGNIFICANCE • SPECIFIC ENERGY - NET VALUE FOR DIESEL AND GROSS VALUE FOR BOILERS, USUALLY CALCULATED FROM EMPIRICAL EQUATIONS • IGNITION QULAITY - RELATES TO PART OF THE COMBUSTION PROCESS • FOR RESIDUAL FUELS EMPIRICAL EQUATION FOR CCAI IS • CCAI = d - 81-141 log log (VK + 0.85) • d = DENSITY • VK = VISCOSITY

  25. SPECIFIC ENERGY Specific Energy (Gross) MJ/kg Qg = (52.190 - 8.802 p2 10-6) [1 - 0.01 (x+y+s)] + 9.420 (0.01s) Specific Energy (Net) MJ/kg Qn = (46.704 - 8.802p210-6 + 3.167p10-3) [1-0.01(x+y+s)] + 0.01 (9.420s - 2.449x) p = the density at 15 °C, kg/m³x = the water content, % (m/m)y = the ash content, % (m/m)s = the sulphur content, % m/m

  26. THANK YOU

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