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Unit 6- Classification

Unit 6- Classification. Taxonomy- The science of describing, naming, & classifying organisms Classification- Arrangement of objects into groups Taxon- Groups into which organisms are classified. Why Classify?. We classify things in everyday life Stores School Library. Why Classify?.

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Unit 6- Classification

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  1. Unit 6- Classification • Taxonomy- • The science of describing, naming, & classifying organisms • Classification- • Arrangement of objects into groups • Taxon- • Groups into which organisms are classified

  2. Why Classify? • We classify things in everyday life • Stores • School • Library

  3. Why Classify? • 1. Organization • 2. Make comparisons • 3. Name • Single universally accepted name (Latin/Greek) • Common names can be misleading • Worm? Earthworm, tapeworm, ringworm • Sea Horse

  4. Aristotle • Plants- • Based on structure • 3 groups • Herbs • Shrubs • Trees • Animals- • Based on habitat • 3 groups • Land dwellers • Water dwellers • Air dwellers

  5. Carolus Linnaeus • Devised system of grouping organisms into categories according to form and structure. • Had 7 Levels

  6. Levels of Classification • Domain • Kingdom • Phylum • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species

  7. Naming • Binomial Nomenclature- • Two word scientific name • 1st word- genus name, 1st letter capitalized- Homo • 2nd word- species name, 1st letter lower case- sapiens • Latin/Greek- • Human- Homo sapiens • Lion- Pantheraleo • House cat- Felisdomesticus

  8. Human Taxa- groups • Domain- Eukarya • Kingdom- Animal • Phylum- Chordata • Class- Mammalia • Order- Primate • Family- Hominidae • Genus- Homo • Species- sapiens

  9. Basis for Classification • 1. Homologous Structures (p305) • Structures that are similar due to evolutionaryrelationships • Common ancestors • Penguin flipper & alligator leg • Human arm & bats wing

  10. Basis For Classification • 2. Biochemistry • Organisms with similar chemical make up are classified together.

  11. Basis For Classification • 3. Genetics • Organisms that show similarities in genetic make up (DNA) are grouped together.

  12. No Basis for Classification • Analogous Structures • Structures that are similar due to function • Wing of insect & wing of bird • Leg of grasshopper & leg of cat

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