The Renaissance in the North

1. The Renaissance in the North Chapter 1 Section 2

2. Intro! Share the wealth! • Most cities in the 1200 to 1400s were in Italy but with the specialization of goods (section 1!) and the spread of wealth, cities started popping up everywhere! Amsterdam! London! Paris!

3. Leaving so soon? • Why would Renaissance writers and artists leave the wonderful, open-minded cities of Italy? Escape violent clashes between other areas and the wealthy Italian merchants Avoid being “smothered by the Church” Less competition! Pursue an education

4. The Printing Revolution- Start the Presses!!! • ______________ - of Mainz, Germany printed the first complete edition of the Bible using a printing press with moveable type. Johann Gutenberg!! How were books made before Gutenberg’s Printing Press? Why would this be important in the spread of Humanism and other Renaissance ideas? Why was the Bible the first thing printed on Gutenberg's Printing Press? Easier access to books which meant the spread of literacy. The more people that can read= a more educated public with an easier exchange of ideas! Before the Printing Press = Few Thousand books After…. 15-20 MILLION!!!!

5. Take 1 minute and show me what you got! He said WHAAAAAAT?! MIX AND MATCH • Desiderius Erasmus • Sir Thomas More • William Shakespeare • Christine de Pisan Wrote on the views of women and their roles in society of the time and also advocated equality and education for women. 2. Leading Christian humanist writer 3. Introduced humanism to England and also served the Tudor dynasty (more on that later!) 4. Had a deep understanding of human nature and wrote more on real life situations and character development as opposed to the morality plays that came before.

6. Wrote Utopia Lets talk Mix and Match!!!! • Criticism of English government and society. Erasmus • Created a non-existent, perfect world based on reason The leading Christian Humanism writer. Showed that humanism didn’t have to be a rejection of the Christian ideals Sir Thomas More • One could still live a Christian life but, like Luther, exclude the politics of the church and rule one’s self with a “pure and simple” Christian life. Friends with Erasmus Advised educating children Writings were condemned by the Church. Introduced humanism to England

7. Cue video 34 seconds: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EdTnlnJjSqE Even though this is a comic portrayal of Shakespeare’s Hamlet it is an excerpt verbatim. • William Shakespeare (1564-1616) • Drew inspiration from ancient and contemporary works of literature. • Had a deep understanding of human emotion- Humans are not just driven and emotional by the love and fear that they have towards their chosen deity but by human interaction as well. • Themes and language in which his plays were presented were accessible and relatable to an uneducated public.

8. Girl Power! Rosie! 20th Century • Finally a woman! • Christine de Pisan • Wrote works that focused on women’s role in society specifically The City of Women Feminist movement. Also wrote poetry, a biography on Charles V (she grew up in the his French court) Championed equality and education for women Where have you heard of these ideas before? Women receiving a non-formal education in Afghanistan. Women getting the right to vote in Saudi Arabia!

9. Spreading like wild fire! • How and why did the ideas of the Renaissance art spread? Italy at this time was a melting pot of ideas, eccentric people flocked from all over Artists were respected in Italy, in most countries art was seen as a hobby, not a profession. Because of the art boom in Italy, it began to raise the status of artists everywhere. “In Italy I am a gentleman, at home I am a parasite” Artists would go to Italy to learn techniques and then bring them back to their country or travel to other countries.

10. The Bold and the Beautiful VS. The Nitti Gritty Northern Renaissance Subject Matter- a more realistic view of humanity. Tried to depict people as they really were. Painted with oils which enhanced the details that made some of the works so realistic Fused the everyday with the religious through the use of symbolism. EX: “A single lit candle or the light streaming through a window are representations of God’s presence. Italian Renaissance • Subject Matter- Capturing the beauty of Greek and Roman Gods and stories from the Bible. • Realism and perspective • Beauty, balance and harmony in everything. Pieter Brueghel’s – The Wedding Dance La Primavera - Botticelli

11. “Northern Artists” Albrecht Durer Jan van Eyck • One of the most influential painters who brought back the ideas from Italy to his hometown of Germany. • Perfected the use of oils as a medium Painted with oils Used perspective + realism Durer’s – The Last Supper Jan van Eyck’s- The Madonna of Canon van derPaele Focused on landscapes and domestic life Flemish

12. Another Noteworthy Name Pieter Brueghel Showed scenes from everyday peasant life Pieter Brueghel’s Netherlandish Proverbs Pieter Brugel’s The Tower of Babel

13. Hans Holbein German Used objects as symbols to characterize the subjects of his portraits Hans Holbein’s The Ambassadors