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Measuring Affective Behavior

Measuring Affective Behavior. Have you ever tried to nail jello to a tree?. Some Definitions. Affect : refers to emotion encompassing feelings such as anger, fear, sadness and pleasure. A sociological or psychological characteristic manifested in a feeling or behavior.

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Measuring Affective Behavior

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  1. Measuring Affective Behavior Have you ever tried to nail jello to a tree?

  2. Some Definitions • Affect: refers to emotion encompassing feelings such as anger, fear, sadness and pleasure. A sociological or psychological characteristic manifested in a feeling or behavior. • Attitude: a feeling one has about a specific attitude object such as a situation, a person, an activity, etc.

  3. What’s Up with the Attitude? Cognition Belief Attitude Object Behavior Tendency Affect Emotion

  4. Affective Goals in Physical Education • Social conventions such as appropriate dress and language • Appreciation and affection for physical activity and its benefits • Psychological constructs such as self-esteem, self-efficacy, courage, motivation, and independence • Moral qualities such as respect for the rights of others, compassion, and justice • Aesthetic qualities such as playfulness and gracefulness

  5. Affective Measurement • OK, it sounds good but can we measure this stuff?

  6. Types of Measures • Rating scales • Forced-choice inventories • Questionnaires • Likert scale • Semantic differential scale • Perceived exertion scale

  7. Validity of Attitude Scales • Self-report measure • Reflects only what the individual knows and is willing to share • Attitudes are not always congruent with behavior (e.g. a student may express a favorable attitude toward physical activity, yet they are inactive and unfit) • Most scales claim logical validity

  8. Examples of Affective Instruments • Stress Inventory • Sport Competition Anxiety Test • Colwell Social Adjustment Index • Blanchard Behavior Rating Scale • Attitude Toward Physical Activity Inventory (also Children’s ATPA) • Physical Estimation and Attraction Scale • Wear Attitude Scale • Lakie Attitude Toward Athletic Competition Scale • Rating of Perceived Exertion

  9. Attitude Toward Physical Activity Inventory (ATPA) • Dimension 1. Physical Activity as a Social Experience. (+) The best way to become more socially desirable is to participate in group physical activities (-) Of all kinds of physical activities, I don’t particularly care for those requiring a lot of socializing

  10. Attitude Toward Physical Activity Inventory (ATPA) • Dimension 2. Physical Activity for Health and Fitness. (+) Physical education programs should stress vigorous exercise since it contributes most to physical fitness. (-) Of all physical activities, those whose purpose is primarily to develop physical fitness would not be my first choice.

  11. Attitude Toward Physical Activity Inventory (ATPA) • Dimension 3. Physical Activity as the Pursuit of Vertigo (thrill seeking). (+) Among the best physical activities are those which represent a personal challenge, such as skiing, mountain climbing, or heavy-weather sailing. (-) I would prefer quiet activities like swimming or golf rather than activities such as water skiing or sailboat racing.

  12. Attitude Toward Physical Activity Inventory (ATPA) • Dimension 4. Physical Activity as an Aesthetic Experience. (+) The most important value of physical activity is the beauty found in skilled movement. (-) I am not particularly interested in those physical activities whose sole purpose is to depict human motion as something beautiful.

  13. Attitude Toward Physical Activity Inventory (ATPA) • Dimension 5. Physical Activity as a Catharsis. (+) Practically the only way to relieve frustrations and pent-up emotions is through some form of physical activity. (-) There are better ways of relieving the pressures of today’s living than having to engage in or watch physical activity.

  14. Attitude Toward Physical Activity Inventory (ATPA) • Dimension 6. Physical Activity as a Ascetic Experience. (+) I would gladly put up with the necessary hard training for the chance to try out for the U.S. Olympic Team. (-) A sport is sometimes spoiled if allowed to become too highly organized and keenly competitive.

  15. Uses of Affective Measures • Assess enjoyment of the program • To determine areas of interest • To assess sportsmanship/cooperation • To assess change in attitude • To determine areas of disinterest • Likes/dislikes • Teacher/student match • Motivation • Modifying students’ perceptions of body image • Improving self-esteem, self-confidence • Reducing anxiety

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