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Darkroom and Film Processing

Darkroom and Film Processing. Rad Tech A – Week 10 Fall 2009. Darkroom. Darkrooms – Still Necessary?. Darkrooms are necessary for manually fed processors and daylight processors. -Loading automatic film processor magazines.

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Darkroom and Film Processing

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  1. Darkroom and Film Processing Rad Tech A – Week 10Fall 2009

  2. Darkroom

  3. Darkrooms – Still Necessary? • Darkrooms are necessary for manually fed processors and daylight processors. -Loading automatic film processor magazines. • Necessary for conducting certain quality control tests (daily sensitometric strip).

  4. Darkrooms 4 Basic Functions • Number 1 Function • Storage • Unexposed film

  5. DARKROOM FUNCTION # 2 Purpose of Film Processing • Change silver halide crystals from film emulsion (after exposure to x-ray or light photons) to black metallic silver. • Latent image (invisible until processed) is developed into a Manifest image. • Improper or careless processing can cause poor diagnostic quality.

  6. Manual Feed Processor

  7. Hand Processing in the Early years • Strong smell of chemicals • Messy • Time comsuming

  8. 1956 – first roller transport6 minute processing time

  9. Processing Time 3 minutes 90 seconds

  10. Processing FilmTable top Processors Can process as fast as 60 seconds TABLE TOP PROCESSOR

  11. PROCSSING CHEMICALS • Solutions are PRE- MIXED • Outside Company usually provides service- • Weekly or monthly • Solutions should be replenished as necessary & changed regularly • Solutions must be monitored (Daily QC strip).

  12. Replenishment tanks

  13. TABLE TOP FILM DUPLICATORto MAKE COPIES OF FILMS

  14. WILL THIS WORK ????

  15. Daylight Processor

  16. Function # 3: Handling of Film

  17. UNLOAD EXPOSED FILM

  18. Pass Box

  19. LOAD CASSETTE

  20. Function # 4: Film Identification • Pt name • Exam date & time • Pt x-ray number • Pt Birthday/DOB • Rt or Lt marker • Optional • Exam type • Dr. Name

  21. FILM ID PRINTER Name of patient place on top Cassette is “flashed” with name – can be done before or after image is taken Must be done BEFORE PROCESSING FILM

  22. TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM DEVELOPER FIXER WASHER DRYER REPLENISHMENT SYSTEM AUTOMATIC PROCESSING

  23. Automatic Processor

  24. Fixer Retention(Not Washed Off)

  25. Transport System Components • Feed Tray • Rollers (Different Assemblies): 1. Entrance 2. Deep Racks 3. Turnaround 4. Crossover 5. Squeegee 6. Dryer • Receiving Bin

  26. Transport System (Rollers) Entrance Crossover Feed Tray Squeegee DeepRacks Dryer Turnaround

  27. Processor (Top View)

  28. Replenishment System • Main function: Keep solution tanks full and assure proper solution concentration. • As film is introduced into processor, sensor initiates solution replenishment • Right & wrong way to feed in film -Feed in along short edge

  29. Transport System in Automatic Processors • Conveys the film through different solutions (sections) by a series of rollers driven by gears, chains & sprockets. • Done at a prescribed speed – determines length of time the film is in each solution

  30. Temperature Regulation • Main function: To control the temperature of each section of the processor. • Developer – most important solution to regulate • Usually between 92 degrees and 95 degrees • Thermostatically controlled

  31. Recirculation System • Provides agitation necessary for uniform solution concentration

  32. Wash & Dryer Systems • Wash: Provide thorough removal of chemical solutions from the film. -Archival film quality • Dryer: Removes water from film by blowing warm, dry air -Between 120 degrees & 130 degrees F.

  33. Silver Recovery • About ½ of the film’s silver remains in the emulsion after exposure & processing. • Other ½ (unexposed silver) is removed from the film during fixing process. • Silver is toxic to public water supply – must have proper disposal. Silver can be harvested from the fixer tank and recycled.

  34. What is in the Darkroom?

  35. Loading Bench Film Bin Film I.D. Printer Safelights Pass Box Light-tight Room Ample ventilation Warning Light outside room Lockable Door Wall Shielding if adjacent to x-ray room Walls painted with light color to reflect safelight Darkroom Contents

  36. Darkroom Equipment

  37. SAFELIGHTS

  38. Safe Light • 15 Watts • Red filter • Must be 3-6 feet from counter top or feed tray of processor • Used to be amber or orange filter

  39. Darkroom Summary

  40. Summary & Questions

  41. X-ray Cassettes cross sectionreview layers What are the 4 layers? Of FILM & SCREENS ?

  42. Film cross section

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