Drexel University Philadelphia, PA

1. Nanotechnology Institute Drexel University Philadelphia, PA WWW.BIOMED.DREXEL.EDU

2. Vision The Nanotechnology Institute will be the nucleating force and catalyst to transform the Delaware Valley into the NANOTECH VALLEY The Institute will unify corporate and academic partners to conduct nanotechnology research and development to produce high commercial returns. Stanford Research Institute Silicon Valley Nanotechnology Institute Nanotech Valley

3. How the Nanotech Valley Will Be Built • Swift commercialization • Research & Development on critical technologies. • Enterprise creation • New educational programs impacting K-12, community colleges, and universities. • Partnerships – business, academia, non-profit organizations, and government.

4. Nanotechnology Institute: Distinguishing Features • GOAL: Nanotechnology-based regional economic development. • Nanotechnology: Once-in-a-generation opportunity for large returns on investment. • Example: Giant magnetoresistance (GMR)-based computer hard disks. • Strategic university/corporate R&D programs target critical enabling, dual-use nano-biotechnologies with: • Direct importance to DOD. • Major commercial market potential. • Priority of ONR: Deploy regional assets for DOD program. • Addresses all necessary components of regional success. • Commercialization, education & workforce, R&D, and information resources. • Leverages life sciences and physical sciences. • Brings together leading device engineers and world-class scientists. • Explosion in Computer Hard Disk Storage • Science: 1996 • Market: multi-billion $

5. Nanotechnology Institute Commitments • Board composed of corporate, venture capitalist, non-profit, government, and university leaders. • $15.8 million from Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. • $10.5M – Nanotechnology R&D, outreach, partnering. • $300k – Education and workforce. • $5M – NSF and NSEC support. • New Jersey – Commitment for R&D support; discussions with the States of Delaware and Maryland. • Memorandums of Understanding (MOU) with United Kingdom Nanotech Institute; Nanotubulite Institute of Japan; Nanotech Centers at Polytech Institute of Milan and University of Lecce, Italy.

6. Partners • Commonwealth of Pennsylvania • Nanotechnology Greenhouse • Corporate / Venture Capital • Centocor, Cephalon, Merck, FMC, GlaxoSmithKline, TL Ventures, SR One, and Safeguard Scientifics. • Universities / Colleges • Penn, Drexel, Temple, Widener, and Villanova Universities; Haverford, Bryn Mawr, and Swarthmore Colleges. • Medical Schools • Penn, Thomas Jefferson, Hahnemann, Temple, and Fox Chase Medical Schools. • Community Colleges • Delaware, Philadelphia, Bucks County, and Montgomery County Community Colleges. • Non-Profit Organizations • BFTP-SEP, GPF, GPCC, and Pennsylvania Biotech Association.

7. Nanotech Institute Researchers (Web-enabled database available) • Institutions • Drexel, Penn, Rutgers, Delaware, College Park Maryland, Princeton, Penn State, Temple, Widener, Haverford, Bryn Mawr, Thomas Jefferson, and MCP Hahnemann. • Distinguished / Productive Faculty • Nobel Prize, Humboldt, Packard, PYI/Career, and Whittaker Fellowships. • National Academies and Society Fellows. • NIH, NSF, DOD, DOE, and NASA funding. • 1 of 17 DURINTs, 2 of 24 NSECs, MRSEC, and more than 10 NIRTs. • Over 100 patents and several corporate startups.

8. Nanotech Institute Support for Navy MissionDeploying Intellectual Assets for DOD • Force Protection: environmental intelligence and predictions that improve detection and tracking capability in a dynamically changing environment; Real-time alerts: location, identity, and capability assessment. • Non-contiguous, foreign battlefield. Minimizing environmental risks due to disease, weather, and sophisticated terrorism. • An adaptive, integrated, re-configurable, distributed network of chemical and biological sensors to monitor the physiological status of personnel in combat or exposed to chemical/biological agents or direct physical attack; ultra-small Global Positioning System (GPS), with low cost, low weight, low heat, and low power.

9. Nanotech Institute Support for Navy MissionDeploying Intellectual Assets for DOD • Force Protection: environmental intelligence and predictions that improve detection and tracking capability in a dynamically changing environment; Real-time alerts: location, identify, and capability assessment. • Non-contiguous, foreign battlefield. Minimizing environmental risks resulting from disease, weather, and sophisticated terrorism. • An adaptive, integrated, re-configurable, distributed network of chemical and biological sensors to monitor the physiological status of personnel in combat or exposed to chemical/biological agents or direct physical attack; ultra-small Global Positioning System (GPS), with low cost, low weight, low heat, and low power. • Mine and unexploded ordinance detection. • Inexpensive nano-chemical sensors deployed in massive numbers in the field of operation (land/water); low cost, low weight, and low power. • Paints and Coatings: anticorrosion / reduction of radar cross-section. • Nanopowders: Control size and chemistry; absorption of microwaves. • Drug Delivery and Encapsulation; Protein Nanoelectronics; Nanotube-based Devices; Nano-biosensors; Tissue Engineering, Functional Scaffolds and Membranes.

10. – Nanotechnology Institute / Nanotech Valley – Future Nanotechnology Competitors – Silicon Age Centers Timing is Critical to Attaining Leadership

11. Application of Nanotechnology Institute Expertise • Apply Nanotechnology Institute expertise to the development of dual-use systems for chemical-biological weapon defense and medical applications. • Nanotube and nanofiber chemical biosensors and sub-cellular manipulators and probes. • Hydrogel / polymersome / liposome complex biosensors in biological warfare defense and drug delivery. • Signal generation and transduction in bio-electro-optical hybrid devices for chemical-biological warfare defense and in-vivo sensors. • Application of optical fiber-based nanotechnology for detection of biological species and for single-cell evaluation. • Autonomous nano-robotic systems with optical, electronic, and force feedback for chemical-biological warfare defense.

12. Nanotechnology Institute Philosophy • Leverage existing regional strengths in biotechnology. • Provide an R&D focal point. • Implement outreach programs to high school and community college students and teachers. • Provide intellectual resources to regional companies during commercialization.

13. What is Nanotechnology? • The ability to manipulate and control materials at the level of atoms and molecules to design and deliver new functionality. • Economic Driver of the 21st Century. • Non-Federal Government Report: September 1999. • "Nanotechnology’s impact on health, wealth and security of the world’s people is expected to be at least as great as the combined influences in this century of antibiotics, the integrated circuit, and human-made polymers." • The region within the country that leads in nanotechnology will become the heart of the 21st century economy.

14. Why Now for Nanotechnology? • We can image materials at the necessary resolution. • We can manipulate materials using fine probes and fields. • Understanding of the assembly processes of atoms into molecules and materials is sufficiently advanced. • Biochemical mechanisms are approaching our ability to understand, influence, and control. • The above factors combine to place us at a "tipping point."

15. Technological Control Advances with Detection Capability • Optical Microscope: 1660 – 1800. • 10-300 times resolution = 2 mm. • First glimpse of plant structure, protozoa, • capillaries – water purification, pasteurization, rudimentary understanding of the origin of crop • pests, and elementary genetics. History of Usable Magnification 1000000 1000 1 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 • Yesterday: early electron microscopes. • 100,000 times resolution = 0.01 mm. • Deformation and fracture mechanisms, aerospace age, integrated circuits. • Today: electron microscopes, scanned probe microscopes. • 30,000,000 times resolution = 0.0001 mm = 0.1nm. • Atoms and molecules, assembled structures and devices, and bio-molecular mechanisms.

16. Example: Supra-molecular Assemblies Cell • Vastly Higher Storage Densities • 4x1013 bits/cm2 • 1.6x106 10242 x 24-bit images/cm2 • Advanced Drug Delivery • On-demand Anti-toxin • Minimize Side Effects D.E. Luzzi, University of Pennsylvania

17. Nanofibers provide excellent sites for cell growth. • Enormous surface area can be functionalized for toxin removal, sensor applications. A. Fertala , Hahnemann University, F.K. Ko, Drexel University, Alan MacDiarmid, University of Pennsylvania Example: High Surface Area NanofibersTissue Engineering and Chemical / Biological Weapon Remediation

18. Example: Naturally-derived Functional Molecules L.S. Dutton, University of Pennsylvania

19. Nanotechnology Institute Research Programs • Academic research leaders, corporate scientists, medical doctors partnering on nano-biotechnology research in: • Advanced Drug Delivery Systems • Proteomics and Protein Electronics • Biosensors • Tissue Engineering • Nanotubule-based Biomedical Devices