Correlate of truncation / compression: Rate of F0 change =

1. 'Compression' 'Truncation' Hz short short long word long word Judith Hanssen, Carlos Gussenhoven, Jörg PetersRadboud University Nijmegen J.Hanssen@let.ru.nl TIE3 Conference on tone and intonation Lisbon 15-17 sept 2008 Compression, truncation & other responses to time pressure in varieties of Dutch INTRODUCTION • Earlier investigations • Erikson & Alstermark 1972; Bannert & Bredvad 1975 (Swedish); Grønnum 1989 (Danish) • Grabe 1998a,b; Grabe et al. 2000: Pitch accent realization in phrase-final position in German and English / four varieties of English • German / English results: • Cross-linguistic, cross-dialectal and cross-varietal variation Standard Dutch investigation▪ Hanssen, Peters, Gussenhoven 2007: Adjustment strategies in IP-final nuclear contours (Fall, Rise, and Fall-Rise) with decreasing space for realization. Standard Dutch results: Falls & Rises: compression and truncation both applyFall-Rises: pitch range reduction Correlate of truncation / compression: Rate of F0 change = Regional variation in the Netherlands? F0 excursion F0 duration EXPERIMENT – Method 3 Varieties • Standard Dutch (16 speakers aged 18-30)• Rotterdam city dialect (19 speakers aged 16-31)• Zuid-Beveland dialect (18 speakers aged 16-33) Test sentences for Lom(second part of dialogue): Duration of Sonorant Rime LOF < LOOF < LOM < LOOM Fall < Rise < Fall-Rise 4 Test words • LOF• LOOF• LOM• LOOM Short V; Nonsonorant C - //Long V; Nonsonorant C - //Short V; Sonorant C - //Long V; Sonorant C - // 3 Sentence types • Declarative, expected contour:FALL – H*L L%) • Interrogative, expected contour:RISE – L*H H%) • ‘Toch’-question, expected contour:FALL-RISE – H*L H%) What alignment strategies do we find in Falls, Rises, and Fall-Rises in Standard Dutch, Rotterdam, and Zuid-Beveland? Q: RESULTS (1) – Truncation / Compression Mean rate of F0 change F0 change in semitones Standard Dutch and RotterdamRate of F0 change increases as words become shorter: indication of COMPRESSION Details show that shorter words show smaller F0 excursion: TRUNCATION in addition to compression Zuid-BevelandRate of F0 change is more stable across all words: indication of TRUNCATION YES: Cross-dialectal variation FALLS STANDARD DUTCH ROTTERDAM ZUID-BEVELAND RISES NB. Zuid-Beveland speakers mostly produce Falls for Interrogatives. RESULTS (2) – Peak retraction Standard Dutch speakers RETRACT PEAKS as words become shorter. Visible in both Falls and Fall-Rises. Averaged contours of Falls STANDARD DUTCH ROTTERDAM ZUID-BEVELAND LOF LOOF LOM LOOM RESULTS (3) – “Rise-Rise” vs. “Fall-Rise” Zuid-Beveland Fall-Rise is different from SD and RO. First peak H1 and second low L2 are strongly compressed or even flattened out. Standard Dutch and Rotterdam behave the same: final movement (L2-H2) truncated and L2 undershot (or: pitch range reduction). Averaged contours of Fall-Rises STANDARD DUTCH ROTTERDAM ZUID-BEVELAND “Fall-Rise” “Fall-Rise” “Rise-Rise”