DEVELOPMENT ??

1. DEVELOPMENT?? • The Buzz word in 2014 general election. • Ideally:- Betterment of All for all Time. • Betterment:- Growth & enlightening of Human consciousness and awareness of self and surrounding. • All:- Everyone on Earth irrespective of class, caste, religion, gender, color, creed, merit etc. • All Time:- All long as Human civilization exists.

2. Parameters of Human Development • Social • Economics • Environmental • We have different models of development encompassing one or many parameters.

3. Present Development Model • Linear model since raw material is converted to waste at the end. • Stress laid on Consumption : The Golden Word not on Reduce, Reuse & Recycle. • The people where raw materials are extracted suffers most. These areas are converted into neo-colonies. • Not sustainable as we have finite resources since we have only one Earth.

4. Present Development Scenario • At present we see globalised market based capitalistic centralized development model. The keywords of this model are self centered, maximizing profit and capital, increasing & privatizing means of production & services, free markets, monopolies, globalization, urbanization, commodity fetishism, stocks, IMF, World Banketc. • This has benefitted the very few people, created ever increasing resource hungry middle class whilea vast majority of population remains famished, deprived of basic needs, rights and dignity. • 16% of the world's population is consuming about 80% of its natural resources. • A continuously deteriorating global environment with emerging global disasters like global warming, land erosion, ozone layer depletion which threatens the very survival of our species and planet. • About 40% of world’s agricultural land is seriously degraded. 45% of geographical area in India had suffered land degradation.

5. America had about 4% world’s population while it consumes 25% world’ s resources. India has 17.6% of world’s population so in order us to be developed like US then India will require about 4 Earths by 2050. But we have Only One Earth. So, we need a different model of development which 2002 2100 1900 2050

7. Present Economic Scenario in India • Since 1998 we have a negative employment rate. Even post 2004, UPA led globalised market growth was jobless growth. • Organized public and private sector together provide employment to less than 10% labor force and the rest 90% comes under unorganized sector. • Government has to make policies in accordance to conditionalities imposed by IMF or World Bank so as to appease foreign investments. Thus becoming pro-capitalist and less independent to serve the need vast majority of poor Indians. • Employers follow micro-economic tactics for increasing labor productivity by down-sizing labor which had disastrous repercussion when seen in the back drop of macro-economics of a nation. Like unemployment, reduction in domestic market etc. • Stress laid on rising stocks, increasing foreign investment, GDP which marginalizes the vast poor population of India which certainly show their resentment in elections.

8. India’s Economic Need • India is a poor country with largest number of people under BPL. More than 50% population lives on less than $2 a day. • Globalised, pro-rich economic policies benefits the big players in both domestic and foreign markets which is a very small number. • Since the market produce according to the purchasing power of customers. But due to vast rich-poor divide the purchasing power of rich will be immensely greater than poor which will lead market not to produce essential goods needed by these large majority of people. • Higher productive employment for all with every person the right to have a minimum income so as empower him/her with the minimum purchasing power for a dignified existence. • Citizens must have a fair share in consumption. • People must not only participate in democracy but also the economic, productivity of the nation so as to feel the dignity of being part of India. Nationalism and democracy are meaningless if the people are not involved in nation building.

9. Sustainable Development Origin • The concept of Sustainable development was first articulated when the UN World Commission on Environment and Development (Brundtland Commission) published its “Our Common Future” report in 1987. • In this report, Sustainable Development was defined as:… “development which meets the needs of present generations without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”. • So, it is not a 5 years or a 100 days plan but a long term strategy so as to build nation on concrete grounds of sustainable development.

10. Elements of a Sustainable Economic Development • Decentralization i.e. increasing power of local government like Panchayats and Nagar Nigams. This will not only increase representation of people a local level but also will be able of catering the needs of local populace immediately. • Transparencyat every step and Accountabilityof representatives and bureaucrats in every govt. policy. • Productive labor not income transfer and Minimal wages. • Increasing domestic market by subsidizing farmers, local cottage industries, small manufacturers and entrepreneurs. • Increasing awareness and participation of the people by mass literacy program so that they can participate more inclusively in governance i.e. Swaraj.

11. Mandate • Hence it is duty of a wise government not to have short term development plans which creates the illusion of growth but will have severe repercussions in future. But to work of a long term strategy and short tern tactics so as to bring real development and dignityto all. Since India is greater than government. • In order for any political party to sustain on ground its policy must be for the people not a few people. Since in India context Democracy turns to be a Government by the people, for the people from the people. Time and time again Indian voters has given this same mandate.

12. Life Cycle of a Product Effort must be given on reduce, reuse and recycle. When emissions will be zero we will have a perfect system and proper technology and methods can make it feasible.

13. An example of Sustainable model for a village at foot of a hill