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Contraception

Contraception. Human Growth and Development. Abstinence. How does it work? Choosing not to have sex How effective is it? 100% effective against preventing pregnancy Prevent against STDs? 100% effective against preventing STDs. Abstinence Continued. Store or Clinic?

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Contraception

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  1. Contraception Human Growth and Development

  2. Abstinence • How does it work? • Choosing not to have sex • How effective is it? • 100% effective against preventing pregnancy • Prevent against STDs? • 100% effective against preventing STDs

  3. Abstinence Continued • Store or Clinic? • Neither, personal decision • Male or Female? • Both • Why choose this method? • Moral reasons, don’t want to get pregnant or get a disease, not ready for sex, etc.

  4. The Pill • How does it work? • Prevents ovulation and thickens cervical mucus to prevent sperm from passing • How effective is it? • 92% against pregnancy in typical users • Prevent against STDs? • Not at all

  5. The Pill Continued • Store or Clinic? • Must be prescribed by a doctor • Male or Female? • Female only • Why choose this method? • In a monogamous relationship, not worried about STD transmission, but don’t want to become pregnant

  6. The Patch (Ortho Evra) • How does it work? • Prevents ovulation and thickens cervical mucus to prevent sperm from passing. Except that hormones do not pass through digestive system. • How effective is it? • 92% against pregnancy in typical users • Prevent against STDs? • Not at all

  7. The Patch Continued • Store or Clinic? • Must be prescribed by a doctor • Male or Female? • Female only • Why choose this method? • In a monogamous relationship, not worried about STD transmission, but don’t want to become pregnant

  8. The Ring (Nuva Ring) • How does it work? • Prevents ovulation and thickens cervical mucus to prevent sperm from passing. Except that hormones do not pass through digestive system. • How effective is it? • 92% against pregnancy in typical users • Prevent against STDs? • Not at all

  9. The Ring Continued • Store or Clinic? • Must be prescribed by a doctor • Male or Female? • Female only • Why choose this method? • In a monogamous relationship, not worried about STD transmission, but don’t want to become pregnant

  10. The Shot (Depo Provera) • How does it work? • Thickens cervical mucous to prevent the passage of sperm • How effective is it? • 97% against pregnancy in typical users • Prevent against STDs? • Not at all

  11. The Shot Continued • Store or Clinic? • Must be prescribed and given by a doctor • Male or Female? • Female only • Why choose this method? • Don’t have to worry about a daily pill, only one shot every three months. In a monogamous relationship, not worried about STD transmission, but don’t want to become pregnant

  12. Copper IUD • How does it work? • T-shaped copper device inserted into uterus at doctor’s office. Can leave in place for up to 10 years. Believed to inhibit passage of sperm and maturation of eggs. • How effective is it? • 99% against pregnancy in typical users • Prevent against STDs? • Not at all

  13. Copper IUD Continued • Store or Clinic? • Must be prescribed and administered by a doctor • Male or Female? • Female only • Why choose this method? • Don’t have to worry about a daily pill, can leave it in up to ten years. In a monogamous relationship, not worried about STD transmission, but don’t want to become pregnant.

  14. Mirena IUD • How does it work? • T-shaped plastic device, with progestin, inserted into uterus at doctor’s office. Can leave in place for 5 years. Thickens cervical mucus to block sperm. • How effective is it? • 99% against pregnancy in typical users • Prevent against STDs? • Not at all

  15. Mirena IUD Continued • Store or Clinic? • Must be prescribed and administered by a doctor • Male or Female? • Female only • Why choose this method? • Don’t have to worry about a daily pill, can leave it in up to five years. In a monogamous relationship, not worried about STD transmission, but don’t want to become pregnant.

  16. Diaphragm • How does it work? • Round plastic disc filled with spermicide and inserted into vaginal prior to sexual intercourse. Disc covers cervix completely blocking the passage of sperm. • How effective is it? • 84% against pregnancy in typical users • Prevent against STDs? • Not at all

  17. Diaphragm Continued • Store or Clinic? • Must be prescribed and fitted by a doctor • Male or Female? • Female only • Why choose this method? • In a monogamous relationship, not worried about STD transmission, but don’t want to become pregnant. No hormonal side effects.

  18. Male Condom • How does it work? • Latex or plastic sheath is placed over penis before sexual intercourse, prevents the passage of bodily fluids between partners • How effective is it? • 85% against pregnancy in typical users • Prevent against STDs? • YES!

  19. Male Condom Continued • Store or Clinic? • Store, no prescription needed • Male or Female? • Male • Why choose this method? • Want to prevent STDs and pregnancy. Low cost, easy to obtain and use.

  20. Female Condom • How does it work? • Latex or plastic sheath is placed in vagina before sexual intercourse, prevents the passage of bodily fluids between partners • How effective is it? • 79% against pregnancy in typical users • Prevent against STDs? • YES!

  21. Female Condom Continued • Store or Clinic? • Store, no prescription needed • Male or Female? • Female • Why choose this method? • Want to prevent STDs and pregnancy. Low cost, easy to obtain and use.

  22. Spermicides • How does it work? • Cream, gel or foam is inserted into vagina or inside condom before sexual intercourse • How effective is it? • Alone, it’s ~60% against pregnancy in typical users • Prevent against STDs? • Not at all

  23. Spermicides Continued • Store or Clinic? • Store, no prescription needed • Male or Female? • Male or Female • Why choose this method? • Want to prevent pregnancy. Low cost, easy to obtain and use. Best if used in conjunction with condom

  24. Withdrawal • How does it work? • Penis is pulled out of partner during sexual intercourse, prior to ejaculation • How effective is it? • Very ineffective, rates vary depending on the male partner’s self-knowledge and self-control • Prevent against STDs? • Not at all

  25. Withdrawal Continued • Store or Clinic? • Neither • Male or Female? • Male • Why choose this method? • Better than nothing if wanting to prevent pregnancy. Many think of this as a non-method because of the high risk of pregnancy and disease transmission

  26. Emergency Contraception (Plan B) • How does it work? • Pill from doctor or pharmacy is taken right after sexual intercourse (within the first five days) • Prevents pregnancy by stopping ovulation or fertilization • How effective is it? • Reduces the risk of pregnancy by 75-89 percent when started within 72 hours • Prevent against STDs? • Not at all

  27. Emergency Contraception Continued • Store or Clinic? • Doctor or pharmacy must prescribe • Male or Female? • Female • Why choose this method? • This should just be used as a last resort to prevent pregnancy if other birth control failed or wasn’t used.

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