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Other Concepts Agenda

Other Concepts Agenda. 1. Studies 2. References 3. Project. 1. Studies. Optimization Trades Studies Quality Functional Deployment (QFD). 1. Studies. Optimization. Process of finding the most favorable Tools generally used. 1. Studies. Analysis of Ice Cube Tray.

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Other Concepts Agenda

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  1. Other Concepts Agenda 1. Studies 2. References 3. Project

  2. 1. Studies • Optimization • Trades Studies • Quality Functional Deployment (QFD) 1. Studies

  3. Optimization • Process of finding the most favorable • Tools generally used 1. Studies

  4. Analysis of Ice Cube Tray • Material is 1 cent per square inch • Minimize cost = xy+3xz+7yz • Must be 12 compartments • Compartments must be square z y x 1. Studies

  5. Manual Solution • This problem can be solved using LaGrange multipliers 1. Studies

  6. Excel Solver Solution 1. Studies

  7. Trades Studies • Used to make decisions • Common technique is to use weighted ranking • Ideal -- Choose weights before study • Reality -- Choose weights after study • INCOSE Systems Engineering Handbook discusses in detail 1. Studies

  8. Trade Study for Lawn Mower 1. Studies

  9. Quality Functional Deployment (QFD) • A requirements flowdown technique • Deploys voice of the customer • Flows down requirements to design, parts, and manufacturing 1. Studies

  10. QFD for Lawn Mower - - - - - 1. Studies

  11. QFD Flowdown how what how much how what how much how what how much Design Parts Manufacturing 1. Studies

  12. QFD Limitations • Duplicates information in specs • Requires tool 1. Studies

  13. 2. References • Current status • System engineering • Military references 2. References

  14. Current Status • System engineering is evolving and many references on the subject are appearing • Some references retain the older approach, which is not a product-based development approach • Many of the references have good information, although some of the process descriptions are cumbersome and deal with a large number of objects 2. References

  15. System Engineering References (1 of 4) • DoD 4245.7-M Transition from Development to Production. September 1985 • Templates for avoiding problems • NAVSO P6071. Best Practices: How to Avoid Surprises in the World’s Most Complicated Technical Process. March 1986 • Templates for avoiding problems • Compliment to DoD 4245.7-M Transition from Development to Production • Defense Systems Management College (DSMCS). System Engineering Management Guide. Fort Belvoir, Virginia. 1989 • Classic document • Older approach 2. References

  16. System Engineering References (2 of 4) • MIL STD 499B • Original basis for EIA 632 • Older approach • Reliability Toolkit: Commercial Practices Edition. Reliability Analysis Center. P. O. Box 4700, Rome, NY 13442-4700. 1993 • Excellent handbook on reliability • $29 • IEEE Std 1220. Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, Inc. 345 East 47 th Street. New York, NY 10017. 1995 • IEEE entry to meet needs of ISO 9000 2. References

  17. System Engineering References (3 of 4) • Martin, James N. Systems Engineering Guidebook -- A Process for Developing Systems and Products. CRC Press. New York. ISBN 0-8493-7837-0. 1996 • Our textbook • Product-based development approach • International Council on Systems Engineering. Systems Engineering Handbook. A How To Guide for All Engineers. INCOSE. 2033 Sixth Ave. #804. Seattle, Washington 98121-2546. 1998 • A lot of good material on teams, costing, definitions, and EIA 731 • Older approach • $20 for INCOSE members 2. References

  18. System Engineering References (4 of 4) • EIA 632. EIA. 2500 Wilson Blvd. Arlington. Virginia 22201-3834. 1998 • Replacement for MIL STD 499 • Product based development approach • EIA 732. Systems Engineering Capability Model. EIA. 2500 Wilson Blvd. Arlington. Virginia 22201-3834. 1998 • Capability maturity model analogous to five-level technique used by software • Part 1 -- model. Part 2 -- appraisal method 2. References

  19. Military References (1 of 5) • A memorandum from Secretary of Defense William Perry in June 1994 officially changed the way the military develops and acquires systems. • Commercial and military approaches are no longer distinct • Military standards are out and commercial practices are in • Nevertheless, military specifications contain a lot of good guidance 2. References

  20. Military References (2 of 5) • Climatic information -- MIL-STD-210 • Logistics -- MIL-HDBK-59 • Corrosion -- MIL-STD- 1210, 1568 • Environmental -- MIL-STD-810 • EMC -- MIL-STD-461, 1541; MIL-HDBK-237; MIL-E- 6051 • Human factors -- MIL-STD- 1472, 1794, 1800; MIL-HDBK- 46855; MIL-H- 46855 • Maintainability -- MIL-STD- 470, 1843, 2184; MIL-HDBK- 791 • Manufacturing -- MIL-STD-1528 Karl Arunski 2. References

  21. Military References (3 of 5) • Non-destructive inspection -- MIL-HDBK-728, 731; MIL-I-6070 • Parts control -- MIL-STD-965 • Producibility -- MIL-HDBK-727 • Quality -- MIL-Q-9858, MIL-I-45208 • Reliability -- MIL-STD-785, 1530, 1543, 1783, 1796, 1798, 2164 • Safety -- MIL-STD-882 • Software -- DoD-2167, MIL-STD-1803, 1815, MIL-HDBK-287 • Supportability -- MIL-STD-1388 Karl Arunski 2. References

  22. Military References (4 of 5) • Survivability -- MIL-STD-1799, 2069, 2169; MIL-HDBK-336 • Security -- MIL-STD-1785 • Telecommunications -- MIL-STD-188-xxx • Testability -- MIL-STD-2165 • Thermal -- MIL-HDBK-251 • Transportability -- MIL-STD-1367, MIL-HDBK-157 • Value -- MIL-STD-1771 2. References

  23. Military References (5 of 5) • Specifications -- MIL-STD-490B • MIL-STD-490B is a draft • MIL-STD-490A and MIL-STD-490B have the same specification outline except for section 3.7 • MIL-STD-490A suggests giving characteristics of subordinate elements. MIL-STD-490B does not require this 2. References

  24. Project • 1. Complete the following Excel table for each numbered task in chapters 6 through 8 in our textbook by placing a 1 in the one column that most applies. 3. Project

  25. Project • 2. Explain where the block labeled “Design, ILS Production, and Deployment” in Figure 4-2 of Martin’s book fits in the PBD approach • 3. What is the difference between a SEMP, a SEMS, and a SEDS? What is the difference between a SEMS and an IMP? • 4. What is a functional design discipline (FDD)? • 5. What is a cross-project team (CPT)? Who should CPTs report to? • 6. List five system engineering metrics and give a method for determining a numerical value for the benefit and cost of each. 3. Project

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