1 / 25

CH 18 – The French Revolution and Napoleon

CH 18 – The French Revolution and Napoleon. CH 18 – Sect. 1, -- The French Revolution Begins Causes: Class system called the Three Estates . 1 st Estate : The clergy, paid no taxes ( taille ), owned 10% of the land. Were divided between wealthy church members and parish priests.

erwin
Télécharger la présentation

CH 18 – The French Revolution and Napoleon

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. CH 18 – The French Revolution and Napoleon

  2. CH 18 – Sect. 1, -- The French Revolution Begins Causes: Class system called the Three Estates. 1stEstate: The clergy, paid no taxes (taille), owned 10% of the land. Were divided between wealthy church members and parish priests.

  3. 2nd Estate: The nobility, owned 25-30% of the land, exempt from paying taxes, controlled most positions in the gov’t, military, law courts, and higher church offices. -- had a huge influence over the monarchy.

  4. 3rd Estate: Commoners of French society, 90% of the population. Had huge differences in occupation, education, and wealth. • Peasants: Largest group, 75-80% of the population. • --Were still forced to pay fees to the nobility for use of farm equipment. • Artisans and Shopkeepers: Angry about increasing high prices and low wages. • Bourgeoisie: The middle class, consisted of merchants, bankers, industrialists, professionals. • --Angry about the power and privileges of the • nobles. • --Heavily influenced by the Enlightenment.

  5. Taxes

  6. Causes: Financial Crisis • Bad harvests: 1787 and 1788 led to higher food prices and shortages. • --Led to terrible poverty for the peasants. • Wars: Seven Years War +American Revolution was very costly for France. • Monarchy: Spent money on court luxuries and other excessive spending.

  7. Louis XVI was forced to call a meeting of the Estates General (French Parliament) to raise new taxes. • 1st and 2nd Estate always voted together to out vote 3rd Estate. • 3rd Estate wanted the clergy and nobility to pay taxes, wanted a constitutional gov’t. • 3rd Estate then formed the National Assembly and decided to draft a constitution.

  8. The Tennis Court Oath: • Members of the 3rd Estate were locked out of their meeting place. • So they moved to an indoor tennis court. • They would not leave until they had written a French Constitution.

  9. Storming of the Bastille: • Louis XVI prepared to use force against the 3rd Estate but was stopped by the following: • --A mob of Parisians stormed a prison • called the Bastille in Paris, released all • the prisoners, and tore down the prison. • --Royal troops no longer supported the king. • --Riots occurred in French cities.

  10. The Great Fear: • Peasants and French citizens feared foreign invasion to support the monarchy. • Panic spread throughout France (The Great Fear). • Citizens formed militias.

  11. Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen. Adopted on Aug. 26, 1789. • Inspired by the English Bill of Rights, and American Declaration of Independence and Constitution. • Declared freedom and equal rights for all men • Access to public office for all men. • Eliminate tax exemptions for 1st and 2nd Estates. • All citizens can vote. • Allowed freedom of press and speech.

More Related