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Basic Facts of Islam

Basic Facts of Islam. Islam is the third in succession of the three great monotheistic faiths born in the Middle East (Judaism, Christianity, Islam) Islam is the second largest religion in world (1.2 billion adherents) Islam is the fastest growing religion in the world. Islam Basics.

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Basic Facts of Islam

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  1. Basic Facts of Islam • Islam is the third in successionof the three great monotheisticfaiths born in the Middle East (Judaism, Christianity, Islam) • Islam is the second largest religion in world (1.2 billion adherents) • Islam is the fastestgrowing religion in the world

  2. Islam Basics • Not all Muslims are Arabic • Indonesia has the highest population of Muslims in the world

  3. Islam Basics • Not all Arabs are Muslims • Jewish, Christian, Zoroastrian, etc. • Jerusalem is a very important city to all three faiths

  4. Dome of the Rock • Muhammad is believed to have risen to heaven from this spot

  5. Islam Basics • Not all Muslims are terrorists • A very minute percentage are “fundamental fanatical” Muslims who wish to do harm

  6. Islamic Terms • Islam:an Arabic word that means “submitting to God” and “peace” • Muslim:a person who follows the teachings of Islam and “submits to God and finds peace in Him”. • Allah: Arabic name for God. It is preferred over other names because it has no gender affiliation and does not have plurality

  7. Mosque • Muslim place of worship Muslims come together in a mosque for prayers at midday on Friday (Muslim Holy Day)Pray facing toward Mecca (East) • MINARET= high tower or dome from which a muezzin calls the faithful to prayer • WUDU= cleansing process before prayer (water) • IMAM= chief officer in the mosque who leads prayers

  8. PROPHET’S MOSQUE in Medina: the first mosque in Islam

  9. Ka’bah- cube shaped building that was built by Abraham to honor God Was filled with idols as people in Arabia followed polytheism Muhammad- received revelations that led to Islam and monotheism (removed pagan idols) Site of hajj- pilgrimage to Mecca Ka’bah

  10. Mecca is the holiest city for Muslims

  11. Holy city • Right: Mecca • as it would have appeared around the time of his birth (below)

  12. Origins • Muhammad was an average man, who was caring, peaceful and was a great communicator • He saw the angel Gabriel, who told him that there was 1 God, Allah • The word of God was written down in the Qu’ran (Koran)

  13. Divine intervention • 610 CE • Muhammad and the angel Gabriel

  14. The first Muslims • Early followers of the Prophet pondering his words at Yathrib • (Medina) • Muhammad gave daily recitations of the messages he believed came from Allah • which his followers faithfully recorded

  15. Sacred Book • The Qur’an • 114 chapters (suras)

  16. 5 Pillars

  17. Complex and confusing term “Defensive struggle” of Islam Some claim that this includes warfare against “infidels” Most claim that this is an internal struggle Jihad

  18. 2 Sects • Sunni – Majority of Muslims • Believe that Islamic leaders do not have to be direct descendants of Muhammad (Abu Bakr) • Shi’ite—Minority of Muslims (Iraq, Iran, Palestine) • Believe that Islamic leaders should be direct descendants of Muhammad (Ali ibn Abi Talib) • Has caused tension and fighting in the Muslim world

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