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What Do We Know About Personal Protective Equipment and Pesticide Labels?

What Do We Know About Personal Protective Equipment and Pesticide Labels?. Carol Black Pesticide Education Specialist. Acknowledgments. Dr. Anugrah Shaw, University of Maryland Eastern Shore Dr. Jeff Evans, US EPA OPP Health Effects Division. The Pesticide Label. pesticidepics.org.

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What Do We Know About Personal Protective Equipment and Pesticide Labels?

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  1. What Do We Know AboutPersonal Protective Equipment and Pesticide Labels? Carol Black Pesticide Education Specialist

  2. Acknowledgments Dr. Anugrah Shaw, University of Maryland Eastern Shore Dr. Jeff Evans, US EPA OPP Health Effects Division

  3. The Pesticide Label pesticidepics.org • Risk Assessment • Toxicity • Formulation • Use pattern • Dermal exposure • Inhalation exposure • Closed-mixing systems VERY RARELY would this much protection be warranted, and extremely doubtful being a solid formulation

  4. Lorsban 4E (2012) The Pesticide Label • Who is Exposed? • Mixer-loaders • Applicators • Equipment maintenance • PPE is noted on the label per task

  5. Dr. Anugrah Shaw – Univ. of Maryland Eastern Shore • No aggregate data was available to determine the scope of the PPE challenges • Label review manual is fairly prescriptive for PPE language • What is really being required

  6. PPE label-language database was developed by Dr. Anugrah Shaw to obtain information that would assist in determining the scope of the issue with the current PPE requirements on the label.

  7. Personal Protective Equipment • Clothing • Eye Protection • Gloves • Respiratory Protection

  8. EPA Matrix for PPE: Dermal & Inhalation ToxicityOther factors, in addition to default acute toxicity values, are used.

  9. PVCpolyvinylchloride Barrier Laminate Review of Glove Materials Polyethylene Viton Nitrile Neoprene Butyl Rubber

  10. Nitrile 8 mil Review of Glove Thicknesses Latex® 20 mil Nitrile 15 mil Disposable vinyl Nitrile 5 mil

  11. Gloves – The Beginning • A.D. Little and EPA/ORD • 100 tests • 20 pesticide formulations • 13 glove materials • Permeation Resistance of Glove Materials to Agricultural Pesticides • 1993 - Guidance Manual for Selecting Protective Clothing for Agricultural Pesticides Operations • A.D. Little, peer-reviewed by EPA

  12. Gloves – The Basis • Solvents generally permeate first* • Labels are based on solvent types • Labels should list TYPE of glove, not code • Label - means gloves can be worn all day

  13. pesticidepics.org EPA Glove Type Selection Best matches the handling task duration Based onsolvents used in pesticides, not the pesticides themselves Two formulations of the same active ingredient may require different glove types

  14. EPA Chemical Resistant GLOVE Chart -- as noted for all-day tasks Only Gloves Rated ‘High’ Are Selected for Labels Barrier Laminate $5.70 Butyl Rubber $24.90 Nitrile $2.95 Neoprene $7.50 Polyethylene $0.99 Viton/Butyl $72.25 per glove Approximate price per pair (A.Shaw)

  15. EPA Chemical Resistant Glove Chart -- SHORT TERM TASKS are noted Only Gloves Rated ‘High’ Are Selected for Labels Barrier Laminate $5.70 Butyl Rubber $24.90 Nitrile $2.95 Neoprene $7.50 Polyethylene $0.99 Viton/Butyl $72.25 per glove Approximate price per pair (A.Shaw)

  16. How many different glove materials do you wear during a year? • Same – 2 types – 3 types -- More than 3 • Do you wear the same glove material when you mix/load and apply? • Yes – No -- Don’t wear gloves • Do you wear the same glove thickness when you mix/load and apply? • Yes – No -- Don’t wear gloves 0 of 150

  17. Do you wear the same glove for different pesticides? • Only handle 1 product – Use same glove for different products – Use different glove for different products • Do you wear the same glove for different handling tasks? • Only do 1 task– Use same glove for different tasks– Use different glove for different tasks 0 of 150

  18. Protective Clothing All PPE images taken from gemplers.com and amazon.com

  19. Protective Clothing • Clothing label language is based on garment type and layers of garments • not any scientific garment/fabric standard. • Fabric performance varies considerably • Performance depends on the material and the finish applied to the fabric. • Data show that a pant/shirt can have much better protection than some coveralls. • New ASTM and ISO performance-based standards for fabrics/finishes are in place • Scientists are conducting wear studies prior to implementation in the US • Used in Europe and Brazil

  20. What layers are typically worn when you apply pesticides • Single layer – pants/shirt • Coverall (cotton/polyester) over pant/shirt • Tyvek-like water resistant over pant/shirt • Rain-suit-like impermeable over pant/shirt 0 of 150

  21. Protective Clothing Requirements by Garment Type from Dr. Anugrah Shaw, UMES 1868 labels analyzed from CDMS in 2012

  22. Barrier Laminate PVCpolyvinylchloride Protective Gloves Polyethylene Viton Butyl Rubber Nitrile All PPE images taken from gemplers.com and amazon.com Neoprene

  23. from Dr. Anugrah Shaw, UMES 1868 labels analyzed from CDMS in 2012

  24. EPA Chemical Resistant Chart -- as noted for all-day tasks Only Gloves Rated ‘High’ Are Selected for Labels Barrier Laminate $5.70 Butyl Rubber $24.90 Nitrile $2.95 Neoprene $7.50 Polyethylene $0.99 Viton/Butyl $72.25 per glove Approximate price per pair (A.Shaw)

  25. Roundup Weather Max – (2009) • Any waterproof material such as polyethyelene or polyvinyl chloride • Weedar 64 (2010) • Some materials that are chemical resistant are listed below (NOT). For more options, follow instructions for Category A on an EPA Chemical Resistance Chart. • Cimarron Max (2011) • Some materials that are chemical resistant to this product are butyl rubber, natural rubber, neoprene, or nitrile rubber. . . . For more options, follow instructions for Category A on an EPA Chemical Resistance Chart. • Bonfire Herbicide (2011) • Chemical resistant gloves – Category A (e.g. barrier laminate, butyl rubber, nitrile rubber, neoprene rubber, natural rubber, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or viton) Applicator – Glove Statements - Herbicides

  26. Brigade (2008) • Wear chemical resistant gloves, such as Barrier Laminate, Nitrile Rubber, or Neoprene Rubber, or Viton • Sevin 4F (2010) • Some materials that are chemical resistant to this product are made of any waterproof material. . . . For more options, follow instructions for Category A on an EPA Chemical Resistance Chart. . . . Wear chemical resistant gloves. • Lorsban Advance (2012) • Materials that are chemical resistant to this product are barrier laminate or viton >14mils . . . . Must wear chemical resistant gloves. Applicator – Glove Statements - Insecticides Wear --- Any --- Such as --- e.g.,

  27. PVCpolyvinylchloride Barrier Laminate Review of Glove Materials Polyethylene Viton Nitrile Neoprene Butyl Rubber

  28. Questions about Gloves What glove material is worn most often? What is the primary reason for glove selection? If wearing more than one glove type, what is the second most common selection?

  29. When More than Waterproof is Required --- How Often are Glove Types Inappropriate? • Polyethylene 460 • PVC 395 • Butyl Rubber 285 • Neoprene 270 • Nitrile 192 • Barrier Laminate 0 • Viton 32 out of 1552 labels

  30. Need New Studies to Enhance Risk Assessment and Protections • Different glove types • Different thicknesses of gloves • Formulations and solvents • Duration of tasks and exposure • User input – Questions from TODAY! nmda.nmsu.edu web.extension.illinois.edu

  31. Gloves Studies Ongoing Now • Common glove types and thicknesses • Permeation - chemical moves through protective material on a molecular level • Penetration - chemical leaks through seams, pinholes, and other imperfections in the material. • Expect Findings NOW! • Future integration with risk assessment and labeling NPPTL

  32. Protective headwear, aprons, and footwear

  33. Headwear is required for Dermal Toxicity Category I or II products that might involve overhead exposure. • 48 labels that require headgear require long-sleeved shirt and long pants • the lowest level of protection for the rest of the body. • Rain suits/chemical resistant suits are often worn for orchard spraying where not only the head but the entire back is wet from exposure. Protective Headwear Requirements

  34. Apron Requirements for Mixing, Loading or Repairs A chemical-resistant apron is required for certain products with Dermal Toxicity Category I or II and/or Skin Irritation.

  35. Protective Footwear Requirements

  36. Protective Eyewear

  37. Protective Eyewear Requirements Protective eyewear is required for ToxicityCategories I and II

  38. cdc.gov Respiratory Protection

  39. Respirator Requirements RequireRespirator

  40. jpse.org

  41. Federal Dialogue – Looking to the Futureyour input can help Certified garments – Levels 1, 2, 3 based on ISO and ASTM standards Certified gloves – Levels 1, 2, 3 based on permeation testing, revised standards and performance specifications Certified garments – Levels 1, 2, 3 based on ISO and ASTM standards Certified garments – Levels 3 based on ISO and ASTM standards worn over protective clothing required for that product No change – Clarify language on labels

  42. Read the Label Carefully for Appropriate PPE! Consider other Health Implications

  43. Carol Blackcarol@nasda.org or carol.black208@gmail.com208-301-3654 Pacific Time

  44. Why those gloves

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