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China

China. WWII to Present. Tour The Wall. Walk the Wall. Mao Zedong Communist Leader Chaing Kai-Shek Nationalist Leader. Communists VS. Nationalists. The Long March. Mao’s communists flee Nationalist Army 6000 mile chase 90,000 communist troops start 7,000 finish

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China

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  1. China WWII to Present

  2. Tour The Wall Walk the Wall

  3. Mao Zedong Communist Leader Chaing Kai-Shek Nationalist Leader Communists VS. Nationalists

  4. The Long March • Mao’s communists flee Nationalist Army • 6000 mile chase • 90,000 communist troops start 7,000 finish • Chase lasts more than 1 year • Prior to Japanese invasion, Chaing has nearly destroyed Communists in China

  5. Japanese Invasion of China • Invade Manchuria 1931 • Expansion/Imperialism • (Leads to Pearl Harbor) • Nationalist Government moves capital to city of Nanking • 1 million residents (2/3 are refugees)

  6. The Nanking Massacre(Rape of Nanking) • Chinese defend walled city to no avail • City falls after 3 days • 50,000 refugees killed trying to cross Yangtze River (Less than 1 hour) • After 1st day Japanese were in city, streets were covered with bodies

  7. Mass Executions • Japanese arrest suspected soldiers • 2,000 – tens of thousands at a time • Methods- • Machine guns • Bayoneted • Gasoline (Burned alive) • Buried alive

  8. Attrocities • Civilian Victims- • Shooting • Stabbing • Decapitation • Slicing open the abdomen • Drowning • Burning • Castration

  9. Rapes • 20,000 women raped • Girls as young as 10 • Women as old as 70 • Pregnant women • Nuns • Gang rape • Fathers forced to rape daughters • Sons forced to rape mothers • Most brutally killed afterward • Some sold into slavery (Military concubines)

  10. Atrocities Continued • Every building and person was looted • Organized burnings • Hide, and killed those who came to put out fire • City burned to ashes • The killing Game • 2 generals compete to decapitate the largest # of victims • Japanese denial of incident

  11. Witness the Massacre • http://prion.bchs.uh.edu/~zzhang/1/Nanking_Massacre/index.html • http://www.metroactive.com/papers/metro/12.12.96/cover/china1-9650.html

  12. Fighting resumes • Following WWII, Nationalists & Communists resume fighting • Communists take control in 1949 • How • Appeal to poor (land) • Rid country of foreigners • Chance to become world power • Nationalists flee to Taiwan

  13. Mao Zedong • Becomes a national hero overnight • “Little Red Book” • Said to have all of the worlds answers • Ends private ownership of land • Moves to collectivize all farms

  14. The Great Leap Forward • Superhuman effort to modernize • China divided into communes • Families are separated • Effects • Peasants revolt • Food production falls • Lack of effort in work (guaranteed income) • Floods and famine

  15. Cultural Revolution • Mao urges young to root out capitalism • Red Guard is organized • Mao’s personal police force • “College students” • Attack all those who oppose Mao • Effects • Chaos • Schools closed • Factory production slows • Many dead or imprisoned • Army forced to restore order

  16. China (Post Mao) • Mao dies 1976 • Power Struggle (2 groups) • Gang of 4 • Mao’s wife and supporters • Moderates • Deng Xiaoping • Gang of 4 are arrested and imprisoned • Deng takes control

  17. China Under Deng Xiaoping • 4 Modernizations • Modernize agriculture • Expand industry • Develop science and tech. • Upgrade defense forces • Responsibility system

  18. Tiananmen Square • Student protest of government • Call for democracy

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