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ETHANOL

ETHANOL. The Most Widely Abused Drug . Alcohol-related traffic fatalities are common with irresponsible alcohol consumption. In 2004, almost 40 % of all fatalities in car crashes in the United States were alcohol-related. Metabolism of Ethanol .

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ETHANOL

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  1. ETHANOL The Most Widely Abused Drug

  2. Alcohol-related traffic fatalities are common with irresponsible alcohol consumption. In 2004, almost 40 % of all fatalities in car crashes in the United States were alcohol-related.

  3. Metabolism of Ethanol -oxidation of alcohol by two enzymes and a coenzyme. alcohol dehydrogenase aldehyde dehydrogenase Ethanoic acid/ Acetic acid Ethanal/ acetaldehyde ethanol

  4. If more alcohol is ingested in a given time period, the concentration of acetaldehyde accumulates. This toxic compound is responsible for the feelings associated with a hangover. • ANTABUSE- a drug given to alcoholics to prevent them consuming alcoholic beverages, acts by interfering with normal oxidation of ethanol. • -inhibits the oxidation of acetaldehyde to acetic acid. As a result, concentration of acetaldehyde rises, causing an individual to become violently ill.

  5. Methanol Oxidation of methanol: methanoic acid/ formic acid methanal/ formaldehyde methanol -blindness and death.

  6. Health Effects of Abusive Alcohol Consumption • Short-term effects • Long-term effects

  7. Health Effects of Abusive Alcohol Consumption • Short-term effects: • Dizziness • Giddiness • Decrease in social inhibition • Decrease in coordination and reaction time • Drowsiness • Increase urine production • Exaggerated emotion • Slurred speech • Flushed appearance • Stimulates the secretion of stomach acid • Long-term effects: • Cirrhosis of the Liver • Coma and death

  8. Consumption of Ethanol by pregnant women is prohibited. Fetal alcohol syndrome: -mentally retarded -grow poorly -certain facial abnormalities

  9. Chromium Reagent (K2Cr2O7) • acts as catalyst to oxidize alcohol. • Measures blood alcohol content. → Cr3+ † † K2Cr2O7 Ethanoic acid/ Acetic acid ethanol

  10. Breath scan

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