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Presentation 10 th February 2010 in Ljubljana Introduction by Gustav R. Grob

Presentation 10 th February 2010 in Ljubljana Introduction by Gustav R. Grob GEOCOGEN Concept and International Potential 2) Dr. Gustav Hans Weber (phys.) The Thermodynamic Process and Life Expectation 3) Martin Weber, MSc (chem.) The Chemistry of Geothermal Systems

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Presentation 10 th February 2010 in Ljubljana Introduction by Gustav R. Grob

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  1. Presentation 10th February 2010 in Ljubljana • Introduction by Gustav R. Grob GEOCOGEN Concept and International Potential 2) Dr. Gustav Hans Weber (phys.) The Thermodynamic Process and Life Expectation 3) Martin Weber, MSc (chem.) The Chemistry of Geothermal Systems High Temperature Isolating Concrete followed by project team implementation discussions

  2. Why use geothermal heat ? • 99% of the solid rock layer has at least 1000°C • 0.1% of the solid rock is cooler than 100°C • The average rock temperature gradient is about 30°C per km depth world-wide • The geothermal heat is composed of about 1/3 residual heat from the creation of planet Earth and about 2/3 from continous renewable and sustainable magma generation .

  3. Energy Cost Comparison ¢/kWh Energy Cost Comparison

  4. Use of geothermal heat around the world

  5. Global Geothermal Industry Evolution by Market, 1970–2015 GEOCOGEN

  6. Types of Geothermal Power Plants • HDR Hot Dry Rock, removes heat from hot dry rock with delivered water by injection or by gravity • Single Flash overheated steam with one cycle through the turbine • Double Flash overheated steam with two cycles through the turbine • ORC Organic Rankine Cycle - one volatile component • Kalina-process uses mixture of ammonia and water

  7. Binary HDR System removes heat from hot dry rock by compressed water Earth Quake Risk ! Problem: Kirchhoff‘s law of the easiest way

  8. Conventional Low Power Binary SystemUnterhaching, Bavaria

  9. Examples of Conventional Geothermal Power Plants

  10. Evolution of Geothermal Energy

  11. Original Brunnschweiler System

  12. Deep Hot Rock Geothermal Energy • Borehole systems • Hydraulic fracturing by high pressureHot-dry Rock system with safely controlled • with relatively small energy yields closed primary water cycle in insulated wells • or and • b) Boreholes to geothermal aquifers secondary steam turbine cycle with co- • open systems with limited energy generationfor district heating, AC,industry and greenhouses Disadvantages: a) Water is finding way of lowest resistance = limited Energy yield b) Only in hydro geologic strata often far from consumers. Often high energy transport cost. Often limited to heat production only. Energy cost: 5-10 €¢ /kWh Advantages: No yields by hazard ! Super performance (GW). No fuels or waste problems. Excavated materials re-used. Base load power plus heat Energy cost: 2–4 €¢/kWh

  13. New thermal drilling methods

  14. Advantages of geothermal deep well energy co-generation • Produces electricity and heat - suitable also for cooling • Much lower net cost than any other energy source • Can be built near agglomerations and substations • Less energy transmission line cost – hence also less transmission losses than other power plants • Invisible, no air or water pollution and no noise • Ideal power source for clean electric vehicles • No radiation risks or other health hazards • Creates new clean sustainable jobs • No waste disposal problems ! • Long life base-load plant

  15. Typical locations Example NRW Subsitution of Nuclear & Coal

  16. Finite Nuclear Power (to be replaced)

  17. Radioactive contamination of Europe including Chernobyl fallout.

  18. Map showing Caesium-137 contamination in Belarus, Russia & Ukraine. Curies per km2 (1 curie = 37 gigabecquerels).

  19. The link between electric vehicles and powerThe Smart Grid

  20. GEOCOGEN planning sequence 4th phase finacing & implementation 3rd phase engineering & tendering 2nd phase data analysis field testing 1st phase pre- engineering Final Layout Chemical System Final Scheduling Permits & PPA Vendor Selection Logistic Partners (EU etc.) PPA Signatures Financing Site Management Grid Connection Company Registration Commissoning Start of operation Feasibilty Checks Data Analyses Electrical Engineering Steam Engineering Safety Checks Permit Investigations Financing Detrmination of Team with Disciplines Time Schedule Pre-calculatations Business Plan Draft SWOT Analysis Geologic Surveys Financing Concept

  21. Conclusions and Recommendations • GEOCOGEN is the most economical base load energy system • GEOCOGEN does not harm the health, environment & climate • GEOCOGEN can be installed near the energy consumption • A Swiss-Slovenian interdisciplinary task force is necessary • The EU should support a pilot plant in Slovenia • Engineering can be done in affordable stages • A national start up budget is needed

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