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CHILDHOOD NUTRITION AND FEEDING

CHILDHOOD NUTRITION AND FEEDING. Nutrition. Basal matabolism Maintain basic physiologic activity. Energy. Special motility for food digestion peristalsis infant 7%~8% digestion absorption elder children 5%. Nutrition. Physical activity. Growth. Energy.

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CHILDHOOD NUTRITION AND FEEDING

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  1. CHILDHOOD NUTRITION AND FEEDING

  2. Nutrition Basal matabolism Maintain basic physiologic activity Energy Special motility for food digestion peristalsis infant 7%~8% digestion absorption elder children 5%

  3. Nutrition Physical activity Growth Energy Fecal loss Mentalityand emotion Envioronment Others

  4. Nutrition General Energy Needs Infant 110 kcal/kg ↓every 3 yrs 10kcal/kg 15yrs 60kcal/kg 6~12yrs Basal metabolism 50% Physical activity 25% Growth 12% Fecal 8%

  5. Nutrition Protein Essential amino acid Non-essential amino acid Recommend amount breast milk2.0g/kg cow milk 3.5g/kg vegetative protein 4.0g/kg

  6. Nutrition Fats Saturated fatty acid Unsaturated fatty Linoliec acid → Free fatty acids ≥1:2 n- 6 Linoliec n-3 Linolenic

  7. Nutrition 50%~60% Carbohydrate 1yr 12g/kg/d >2yrs 10g/kg/d

  8. Nutrition Vitamin VitK VitE VitD VitA Fat---soluble Water---soluble VitB VitC

  9. Nutrition Mineral Na Ca K P Macroelements Trace elements Zn Co Fe Se

  10. Nutrition Infant 150ml/kg Every 3 yrs ↓25ml/kg 9 yr 75ml/kg Adult 50ml/kg Water Neonatal 80% 1 yr 70% … … Adult 55%~60%

  11. Nutrition Food fiber Physiological function —prevention constipation

  12. Infant Feeding---Breast feeding Albumin 白蛋白 ↑ Casein 酪蛋白 ↓ Taurine 牛磺酸 ↑ Glutamate 谷氨酸 ↑ Advantages 3：2 protein

  13. Infant Feeding---Breast feeding Fat Long-chain lipid acid　↑ Linoleic acid　↑ Carbohydrate Lactose↑ Bacillus bifidus↑ Vitamin A/D/E ↑

  14. Infant Feeding---Breast feeding minerals --absorption Ca:P（2：1） Fe 50% absorption rate Zn ↑

  15. Infant Feeding---Breast feeding SIgA ↑ Lactoferrin ↑ Immunization Lysozyme ↑ Bacillus Bifidus ↑ Antibody ↑

  16. Infant Feeding---Breast feeding Others Natural food Convenient feeding Recovering from delivery Baby-mother attechment

  17. Infant Feeding---Breast feeding Elements of breast milk in different phase colostrum:protein transitional milk:lipid mature milk:stable elements late milk:protein 0~5d 6~10d 11d~9m >10m

  18. Infant Feeding---Formula Feeding Formula milk Zn Fortified nutrients Fe … VitA VitD VitB VitC

  19. Infant Feeding---Supplementary Food Age food 2w VitD 4-6m Rice powder 7-9m meshed vegetable、meet 、 fruit soft noddle biscuit 10-12m soft rice 、thick porridge、 fine-cut vegetable 、meat、 bean products etc. 12-24m piece-cut food 24m- normal

  20. Feeding priciples Reasonable food arrangement protein: fat: carbohydrate≌1：1：4-5 10% 25-30% 50-60% • Food quality • Feeding behavior • Feeding environment

  21. Evaluation of nutrition condition History Nutrition study • food investigation • evaluation • physical examination • laboratory test

  22. Standard • Underweight • Stunting • Wasting W≤-2SD L≤-2SD W/L≤-2SD

  23. Thank you!

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