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MINISTRY OF FORESTRY AND WATER AFFAIRS

MINISTRY OF FORESTRY AND WATER AFFAIRS. WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN TURKEY. Dr . Yakup KARAASLAN Head of Water Quality Management Department. Current Situation Analysis of Water Quality Management Current potential of water resources Quality of water resources,

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MINISTRY OF FORESTRY AND WATER AFFAIRS

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  1. MINISTRY OF FORESTRY AND WATER AFFAIRS WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN TURKEY Dr. Yakup KARAASLAN Head of Water Quality Management Department

  2. Current Situation Analysis of Water Quality Management • Current potential of water resources • Quality of water resources, • WWTP situation in Turkey and the technologies used, • Financial size of water sector, • Administrative structure • Progress in Water Quality Management • EU legislation • National legislation • Studies carried out • Bottlenecks and challenges faced in Water Quality Management • Strategies and policies for future Scope

  3. Available Water Resources Potential in Turkey Total Amount of WaterTargetedforServingtoUse in 2023: 112 billions m3/year Total WaterUse of 2010: 43 billions m3/year

  4. Amount of Water Used on the Basis of Resource When looking at the distribution with drinking network in municipalities and villages and when looking at the distribution of water used by industry and mining enterprises on the basis of water resources, it is seen that sea water is used mostly. WaterDrawn in 2010 on theBasis of Resource (TÜİK)

  5. Sectoral Distribution of Water Used It is seen that water drawn from water resources are largely used by the municipalities when a sectoralanalysis is done • WaterDrawn in 2010 on theBasis of Sectors(TÜİK)

  6. Factors Affecting Quality of Water Resources in Turkey • The current quality of the waters of Turkey • Causes of deterioration in the quality of water resources • Industrialization, mining activities • Unplanned urbanization • Agricultural activities • For «Olive black water» fromIndustrial facilities producing olive oil, transition to two-phase continuous system, which produce less olive black water, instead of 3-phase continuous system is encouraged • Waste dams where mine enrichment facilities wastes are stored, affects adversely the quality of water resources. - As a result of livestock activities organic load and nutrient input increasesin water resources. This cause water quality negatively.. • Pollution Status of Water Resources • Water quality thematic map of 11 river basin (COD, TP, TN, River Basin Action Plans) • Ergene Basin Action Plan • Water quality of drinking water reservoirs of metropolitan municipalities, • Datas of 2011 of Integrated Pollution Monitoring Project in (water, sediment and biota monitoring works)

  7. Factors affecting the quality of water resources in Turkey Use of AgriculturalFertilizers • PlantProtectionProducts Sourca: Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock Web Site • - Using of pesticides and fertilizers is the most important polluter factor affecting water quality. • - Approximately 500 pesticides are allowed and some of them are prohibited by Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestockbetween 2001 and 2011

  8. Ergene Basin • Waterqualityis IV. class • Works of EstablishingDomestic WWTPE andImprovedIndustrialEstateJoint WWTP areongoing • Number of municipalitieswhichhavesolid waste disposal facility : 6 DomesticWastewater240.000m3/day IndustrialSastwater460.000m3/day Wastewater Amount m3/day [3] http://ergene.ormansu.gov.tr

  9. WaterQuality of Yeşilırmak Basin– OrganicPollution • Pollutionfromlivestockactivities in Suluova • Industrialpollution in Suluova Çekerek Streamlet bad medium good verygood

  10. WaterQuality of Büyük ManderesBasin • OrganicPollution • Industrial and domestic wastewater, olive activities, geothermal waters

  11. WaterQuality of SabanBasin-OrganicPollution • Intensiveagricultural activities beyond Adana bad medium good verygood

  12. QualityClasses of DrinkingWaterResources of MetropolitanMunicipalities in Turkey

  13. Quality of WaterResources in TurkeyCoastalandTransitionalWaters • İzmit Bay, Gemlik Bay (Centrum of Gemlik ), • Silivri, Küçükçekmece, Bandırma (Centrum) • Rivermouthsanddeltas, Edremit, İzmir, Gökova, Marmaris, Dikili and Çandarlı Bay

  14. Quality of WaterResources in TurkeyCoastalandTransitionalWaters Coasts of İskenderun, Adana, Tarsus, Erdemli and Fethiye aremorepollutedcomperatively

  15. WWTPStatusand Technologies Used in Turkey

  16. WWTPStatus and Technologies Used in Turkey

  17. WWTPStatus and Technologies Used in Turkey Number of Municipal ServingWithWastewater Treatment Plant Ratio of Population of MunicipalRelatedtoWastewaterTreatmentPlantto Total MunicipalPopulation

  18. WWTPStatus and Technologies Used in Turkey WWTP project phase (20 provinces) ThereareWWTPs(47 provinces) WWTPs in construction phase(5provinces) No WWTP (9 provinces)

  19. CurrentStatus of WWTPs of IndustrialEstates (IE)

  20. The Situation of TreatedDomesticWastewater Source: Prepared byUsing TSI 2010 Data

  21. The Situation of Treated Industrial Wastewater Source: Prepared byUsing TSI 2010 Data

  22. Financial Size of Water Sector Financial Size in Turkey • SUKAP Project (2011) • Support for Village Infrastructures Project (KÖYDES) and Support for Municipal Infrastructures Project (BELDES) • Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance (IPA) Program • National Environmental Action Strategy (UÇES, 2006) • Investment Program of Ministry of Development (2007-2012) Comparison of provisionfor Investments in Environmental Sector with the UÇES

  23. Administrative Structure for Water Quality Management • AdministrativeStructure in Turkey

  24. Reasons of that Our InternalWaters Are Relatively More Polluted than OurCoastal waters Although wastewater from point source treatmentof greater than 80%, reasons for the continuation of contamination of water resources aregiven below; • Wastewater treatment plants are notdesigned according to the appropriate norms and standards and not well-operated. • Environmental quality standards are not developed and implemented for implementation of discharge standardsbased the receiving environment by setting environmental objectives. • Physico-chemical parameters of water resources are taken into consideration in the assessmentof quality class, but micropollutants and biological quality parameters are nottaken into account. Causes of diffuse pollution; • Sensitive waterareas caused bynutrient pollutionand agricultural districts that affects these sensitive areas are not determined. Good agricultural practices are not implemented in these districts. • The use of pesticides in our country is increasing every year.There has not been any study on the impact ofpesticides onwater resources. • Environmental quality standards, which are referred toreceiving environmentcriterias, are notdetermined in the view of pesticidesand pollution prevention works are not made based on receiving environment criterias.

  25. Related EU Directives 1970 1976 1991 1992 2000 SÇD • DangerousSubstances (repealed in 2013) • Bathingwater • Groundwater •   Water for Human Consumption •   Urban Waste Water Treatment • Nitrate •   Habitat and Bird • CrustaceansDirective • Clean water quality in order to support fish life •   Environmental Quality Standards (published in 2008, replaced the dangerous substances directive) • IPPC • Chemical Accidents(Seveso) • Environmental Impact Assessment • Sewage sludge • Plant Protection Products • Flood risk and evaluation; • Marine Strategy (Plans must be consistent with RBMP)

  26. Water Framework Directive • To protect and expand in order to prevent further deterioration ofcurrent status of the waterecosystems, terrestrial ecosystems and marsh areas directly dependent on theaquatic ecosystems, • To promote the sustainable use of water in order to ensure long-term protection of all underground and surface waters, • To ensure the gradual reduction of discharges, emissions and gonesof priority substances in water resources and to ensure improvement by taking specific measures in order to stop or gradually eliminate the discharges, emissions and gones of priority substances, • To prevent further contamination of groundwater by reducing the pollution by the time, • Mitigate the adverse effects of floods and droughts, • To stop or gradually eliminate the discharges, emissions and gones of priority substances by ensuringthe protection of marine waters and the surrounding area. • The purpose is to achieve good chemical and ecological status of all water sources

  27. Environmental Quality Standards Directive(EQSD)(2008/105/EC) • To stipulate the identification of environmentalquality standards, which are called as receiving environmentcriterias, for all substances and substance groups. • It makes environmentalquality standards essential in order to prevent pollution • In discharge permits, the end point of the mixingzonemust be based on, • Directive states that environmentalquality standardsshould be identified, not only forwater column, also for sediment and biota. • Harmonisation is almostly done with the publication ofthe By-Law about Quality Management of Surface Water, date 30.11.2012 and gazette no 28483.

  28. National Water Quality Management Legislation • Public Health Law in Turkey No. 1593 (1930) • DSI Law No. 6200 (1953) • Law on Ground Water No. 167(1960) • Law on the Establishment and Duties onGeneral Directorate of Istanbul Water and Sewerage Administration No. 2560 (1981) • Environmental Law No. 2872 (1983) • Coastal Act No. 3621 (1990) • Metropolitan Municipality Law No. 5216 (2004) • Municipality Law No. 5393 (2005) • Geothermal Resources and Natural Mineral Waters Law No. 5686 (2007) • No. 6107 Bank of Provinces Law (2011)

  29. National Water Quality Management Legislation • Regulation on the Control of Pollution Caused by Dangerous Substances in Water and Its Environment (Official Gazette dated 11.26.2005 – No. 26005) • Regulation on Water Pollution Control (Official Gazette dated 09.04.1988 – No. 19 999) • By-Law on Fishery Products (Official Gazette dated 03.10.1995 – No. 22223) • By-Law on Bathing Water Quality (OGdated 03/10/1995 – No. 22223) • By-Law on Quality of Surface Water from Where Drinking Water Obtained or Planned to Be Obtained(Official Gazette dated 01.09.2006 - 26 048 points) • By-Law on Protection of Groundwater against Pollution and Deterioration(Official Gazette dated 04.07.2012 – No. 28257) • By-Law Basins Conservation and Preparing Management Plans (Official Gazette dated 10.17.2012 – No. 28444) • Surface Water Quality Management (Official Gazette dated 11.30.2012 – No. 28483)

  30. Worksfor Water Quality Management • River Basins Protection Action Plans • Project about to Control of DangerousSubstancesPollution in Inland Waters • Determination of DangerousSubstances in Coastal and Transitional Waters of our country and Ecological Coastal Dynamics (Kıyıtema) Project • Determination of Sensitive Areas in the Scale of River Basins in and Water Quality Objectives in Turkey Project • Determination of Environmental Quality Standards and Appropriate Methodology In Order To Detect and Prevent Water Pollution Caused by Using of Plant Protection Products in the CoastalWaters, TransitionalWatersand InlandSurfaceWaters

  31. Worksfor Water Quality Management • Basin Monitoring and Determination of Reference Points Project • Identification and Classification of Marine and Coastal Water Quality Status (DEKOS) Project (In the coordination of MoUE) • Project submitted to TÜBİTAK-KAMAG 1007 and announced after acceptance; • Determination of Environmental Quality Standards and Objectives for Surface, Coastal and Transition Waters: Büyük Menderes Pilot Basin • Assessment of Chemical and Quantity Status of Groundwater and Determination of Objectives to Achieve Good Groundwater Status: Büyük Menderes Pilot Basin

  32. Worksfor Water Quality Management- International Works • Enhancing the Capacity of Water Quality Monitoring Project(2011-2013) • Development of Appropriate Methods for the Treatment of Drinking Water IPA Technical Assistance Project • Capacity Building Project on Groundwater Management Project in Turkey - ESEI-2012

  33. Worksfor Water Quality Management- Legislations • Draft Law on Water • By-Lawon Monitoring the Surface Water and Groundwater • Draft Bylaw on Freshwater Quality That Requires ProtectionorImprovement for Sustainability of FishLife • Communique Works for Implementation for By-Law about Surface Water Quality Management and By-Law on Protection of Groundwater against Pollution and Deterioration

  34. Strategy and Policies for the Future • Related to determination, remediation and improvement of water quality across the country, for the purposes of; • To do legal and institutional arrangements, • To develop the technical and economic instruments, • To protectand improve the quality of water bodies, to determine the measures to be taken for this purposeand to follow up applications • to perform water quality managementwith the participation of interested parties and institutions SU KALİTE YÖNETİMİ STRATEJİ BELGESİ VE EYLEM PLANI (2013-2023)

  35. Strategy and Policies for the Future • The purpose is to provide guidance to the long-term decisions and investment program about; • protecting, • develloping • and sustainable usingof the natural resources of our country's basins, • Anotherpurpose is todemonstratea common way for future studiesto meet adequately and sustainably the needs and expectationsofourpublicrelatedtobenefits of basinsaboutecology, economy, socialusefulnessandsocialservices

  36. Bottlenecks / Challenges • Authority for water management are numerous institutions, the conflict of competence • Lackof coordination • Duplication in Monitoring studies,lack of standardization • Lack of monitoring network • Lack of qualified personnel and equipment working in the field monitoring

  37. Recommendations For the protection of water resources; • Identificationand meeting the deficit of nationalwater quality management, administrative, legal and technical gaps (Water law and sub-regulations), • Strengthening the institutional infrastructure and capacity, • Ensuring thecoordination among agencies dealing with water quality, • Completion of the environmental sub-structures, while sub-structurescomply with norms and environmental criteria, tendering the design and construction together, edition of legislation on the subject, • Good operation of the completed environmental infrastructures, • the elimination of overlaps in monitoring works, ensuring standardization • Establishmentof national monitoring network in our country, • To putforward the objectives of environmental quality including generalchemical,physico-chemical, biological and hydromorphological quality elements,

  38. Recommendations For the protection of water resources; • Determination of Environmental Quality standards for implementation of environmental discharge standardsbased on the receivingenvironmentbyputingforth environment objectives, • Determinationof substances or groups of substances that are harmful to aquaticorganisms and therefore to human health ve receiving water environments andtaking the necessary measures for the reduction of these substances in receiving environment, • Determinationof sensitive water bodies in view of nutrient pollution and determination areas of agricultural, industrial and urban areasthat affecting the sensitive areas • Identification environmentalquality standards, which are called as receiving environmentcriterias, in view of pesticides and doing pollutionprevention activitiesfor these pesticides based on the receiving environment criteria, • Promotionof good and organicagricultural practices by technical and financial supports, • Promoting the pollutionprevention programs and cleaner productionpractices in industry, • Identification and follow-up measures to achieve good water quality,

  39. THANKS FOR YOUR PATIENCE

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